超星 - 泌尿系统练习题

单选题

患者,女性,56岁。患高血压病、冠心病,死于急性心肌梗死。尸检发现两肾大小不等,右侧肾稍大,表面光滑,切面皮髓质分界清楚。左肾明显缩小,表面高低不平,有不规则的凹陷性瘢痕,切面皮髓界限不清,有的肾乳头萎缩,肾盂变形,黏膜粗糙。此肾的病变属于何种疾病

A.高血压固缩肾
B.动脉粥样硬化性固缩肾
C.动脉栓塞后肾硬化
D.慢性肾盂肾炎
E.左肾先天发育不全

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多选题

肾盂肾炎的病变有如下特点

A. 病变主要存在于肾间质
B. 由细菌直接感染所致
C. 以渗出性炎为主要病变
D. 病变可呈局灶性分布

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单选题

Leucocyte uria is greater than leucocyte per high field

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
E. 6

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单选题

Which of the following is not a sign of urinary tract irritation

A. Frequent and urgent urination
B. Hematuria and proteinuria
C. Painful urination and uneven urination
D. Lower abdomen falling pain
E. Renal percussion pain accompanied by pain in urine

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单选题

Nephrotic edema is characterized by

A. Often start with the lower extremities
B. Often start with the eyelids
C. Often start with the back of the hand
D. Often start with the lower back
E. Often start at the joints

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单选题

Macroproteinuria refers to the quantity of urine protein is greater than

A. 2.5 g/d
B. 3.5 g/d
C. 4.5 g/d
D. 5.5 g/d
E. 6.0 g/d

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单选题

The main cause of edema in patients with nephrotic syndrome is

A. Water and sodium retention
B. Infection
C. Hyperlipidemia
D. Hypoproteinemia
Eat lots of salt

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单选题

The main cause of chronic renal failure in China is

A. Chronic glomerulonephritis
B. Hypertensive nephropathy
C. Diabetic nephropathy
D. Polycystic kidney
E. Lupus nephritis

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单选题

Which of the following is incorrect regarding the care of patients taking adrenal glucocorticoids

A. Give foods that are low in salt, high in protein, rich in potassium and calcium
B. Check blood pressure regularly
C. Do a good job in psychological care
D. Stop taking medicine immediately when symptoms are relieved
E. Timely observation of the patient's mood changes to prevent mental abnormalities

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单选题

The following are not high potassium foods

A. Banana
B. Purnip
C. Watermelon
D. Potato
E. Pear

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