题目内容

Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文： According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.
Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of "natural leaders". It seams that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.
Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done". Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well being of a social group's members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them.
As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.
(27)

A. The problems faced by leaders.
B. How leadership differs in small and large groups.
C. How social groups determine who will lead them.
D. The role of leaders in social groups.

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听力原文：W: How do you like the old black and white movies of the forties, and fifties compared with the modem ones？
M: For their time, the movies of the forties and fifties were excellent. But try to compare them with today's technology, and you'll find there isn't anything to compare. It's so superior today.
Q: How were the black and white movies of the forties and fifties？
(17)

A. They am better than the modem movies.
B. There is more technology in them.
C. The technology in them cannot be compared with that of modem ones.
D. They are excellent to us now.

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The demographic change in rural Europe will have a negative effect on every aspect of the

A. Y
B. N
C. NG

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Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.
听力原文：M: Please sit down, Miss Brown. I have seen your resume. Could you tell me which position you want to apply for？ We have quite a few vacancies here.
W: Well, actually I am not sure. But I prefer to take the post of sales manager if you think I am qualified.
Q: Why does the woman come to meet the man？
(12)

A. Because she has an appointment with the man.
Because she has an appointment with the *sales manager.
C. Because she wants to find a job.
D. Because she wants to make sure if she can find a vacancy.

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M: You may think that's a wise move. But that's the last thing I would do.
Q: What does the man think of Bob's investment？
(15)

A. He thinks it is a wise move.
B. He thinks Bob is not wise to invest all his money in stocks.
C. He thinks Bob should move to another place.
D. He thinks it's better for Bob to invest later.

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A. The problems faced by leaders. B. How leadership differs in small and large groups. C. How social groups determine who will lead them. D. The role of leaders in social groups.

The demographic change in rural Europe will have a negative effect on every aspect of the

M: You may think that's a wise move. But that's the last thing I would do.Q: What does the man think of Bob's investment？(15)

A. The problems faced by leaders.
B. How leadership differs in small and large groups.
C. How social groups determine who will lead them.
D. The role of leaders in social groups.

M: You may think that's a wise move. But that's the last thing I would do.
Q: What does the man think of Bob's investment？
(15)