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American dramas and sitcoms (连续剧) would have been candidates for prime time several years ago. But today those programs--though some remain popular- increasingly occupy fringe times slots on foreign networks. Instead, a growing number of shows produced by local broadcasters are on the air at the best times. The shift counters longstanding assumptions that TV shows produced in the United States would continue to overshadow locally produced shows from Singapore to Sicily. The changes are coming at a time when the influence of the United States on_ international affairs has chafed (使恼火) friends and foes, and some people are expressing relief that at least on television American culture is no longer quite the force it once was. "There has always been a concern that the image of the world would be shaped too much by American culture," said Dr. Jo Groebek, director general of the European Institute for the Media, a non-profit group. Given the choice, he adds, foreign viewers often prefer homegrown shows that better reflect local tastes, cultures and historical events. Unlike in the United States, commercial broadcasting in most regions of the world--including Asia, Europe and a lesser extent Latin American, which has a long history of commercial TV--is a relatively recent development. A majority of broadcasters in many countries were either state-owned or state- subsidized for much of the last century. Governments began to relax their control in the 1980’s by privatizing national broadcasters and granting licenses to dozens of new commercial networks. The rise of cable and satellite pay-television increased the spectrum of channels. Relatively inexperienced and often financed on a shoestring, these new commercial stations needed hours of programming fast. The cheapest and easiest way to fill airtime was to buy shows from American studios, and the bidding wars for popular shows were fierce. The big American studios took advantage of that demand by raising prices and forcing foreign broadcasters to buy less popular programs if they wanted access to the best-selling shows and movies. "The studios priced themselves out of prime time," said Harry Evans Sloan, chairman of SBS Broadcasting, a Pan-European broadcaster. Mr. Sloan estimates that over the last decade, the price &American programs has increased fivefold even as the international ratings for these shows have declined. American broadcasters are still the biggest buyers of American-made television shows, accounting for 90% of the $25 billion in 2001 sales. But international sales which totaled $2.5 billion last year often make the difference between a profit and a loss on a show. As the pace of foreign sales slows--the market is now growing at 5% a year, down from the double-digit growth of the 1990’s--studio executives are rethinking production costs. The intervention of governments in the 1980’s resulted in ______.

Look at your watch for just one minute. During that time the population of the world increased by eight-five people. Perhaps you think that isn’t much. In the next hour, more than 5,000 (36) people will be living on this (37) . So it goes, hour after hour. In one day, there are about 120,000 additional mouths to (38) (39) this by 365. What will happen in 100 years This population (40) may be the greatest (41) of the present time. Within the next forty years, the world population may (42) . Can the new frontiers of science meet the needs of the crowded world of tomorrow If the present (43) of population increase continues for the next 600 or 700 years, there will be standing room only. Each person will have between 3 to 10 square feet of space in which to live. (44) .Of course, no one expects such a thing to happen. (45) Actually, (46) so that they cannot move arms and legs, but in an upset balance between population and resources.

For one thing, tightness in the job market seems to have given men an additional incentive to take jobs where they can find them. Although female dominated office and service jobs for the most part, rank lower in pay and status, "they’re still there," says June O’Neill, director of program and policy research at the institute. Traditionally mate blue-collar jobs, meanwhile, "aren’t increasing at all". At the same time, she says, "The outlooks of young people are different." Younger men with less rigid views on what constitutes male or female work "may not feel there’s such a stigma to work in a female dominated field." Although views have softened, men who cross the sexual segregation line in the job market may still face discrimination and ridicule. David Anderson, a 36-year-old former high school teacher, says he found secretarial work "a way out of teaching and into the business world". He had applied for work at 23 employment agencies for "management training jobs that didn’t exist", and he discovered that "the best skill ! had was being able to type 70 words a minute". He took a job as a secretary to the marketing director of a New York publishing company. But he says he could feel a lot of people wondering what he was doing there and if something was wrong with him. Mr. Anderson’s boss was a woman. When she asked him to fetch coffee, he says, "The other secretaries’ eyebrows went up." Sales executives who came in to see his boss, he says, "couldn’t quite believe that I could and would type, take dictation, and answer the phones." Males sometimes find themselves mistaken for higher status professionals. Anthony Shee, a flight attendant with U.S. Air Inc., has been mistaken for a pilot. Mr. Anderson, the secretary, says he found himself being "treated in executive tones whenever I wore a suit". In fact, the men in traditional female jobs often move up the ladder fast. Mr. Anderson actually worked only seven months as a secretary. Then he got a higher level, better paying job as a placement counselor at an employment agency. "I got a lot of encouragement to advance," he says, "including job tips from male executives who couldn’t quite see me staying a secretary." Experts say, for example that while men make up only a small fraction of elementary school teachers, a disproportionate number of elementary principals are men. Barbara Bergmann, an economist at the University of Maryland who has studied sex segregation at work, believes that’s partly because of "sexism in the occupational structure" and partly because men have been raised to assert themselves and to assume responsibility. Men may also feel more compelled than women to advance, she suspects. The second paragraph suggests that ______.

The mental health movement in the United States began with a period of considerable enlightenment．①Dorothea Dix was shocked to find the mentally ill in jails and almshouses(养老院)and crusaded for the establishment of asylums in whish people could receive humane care in hospital like environments and treatment which might help restore them to sanity．By the mid 1800s，20 states had established asylums， but during the late 1800s and early 1900s，in the face of economic depression， legislatures were unable to appropriate sufficient funds for decent care．Asylums became overcrowded and prison like. Additionally, patients were more resistant to treatment than the pioneers in the mental health field had anticipated, and security and restraint were needed to protect patients and others. Mental institutions became frightening and depressing places in which the rights of patients were all but forgotten. These conditions continued until after World War Ⅱ. ②At that time, new treatments were discovered for some major mental illnesses theretofore considered untreatable(penicillin for syphilis of the brain and insulin treatment for schizophrenia) and depressions), and a succession of books, motion pictures, and newspaper exposes called attention to the plight of the mentally ill. Improvements were made and Dr. David Vail’s Humane Practices Program is a beacon for today. But changes were slow in coming until the early 1960s. ③At that time, the Civil Rights movement led lawyers to investigate America’s prisons, which were disproportionately populated by blacks, and they in turn followed prisoners into the only institutions that were worse than the prisons--the hospital for the criminally insane . The prisons were filled with angry young men that, encouraged by legal support, were quick to demand their rights. ④The hospital for the criminally insane, by contrast, were populated with people who were considered "crazy" and who were often kept obediently in their place through the use of severe bodily restraints and large doses of major tranquilizers, The young cadre (骨干) of public interest lawyers liked their role in the mental hospitals. The lawyers found a population that was both passive and easy to champion. These were, after all, people who, unlike criminals, had done nothing wrong. And in many states, they were being kept in horrendous institutions, an injustice, which once exposed, was bound to shock the public and, particularly, the judicial conscience. Patients’ rights groups successfully encouraged reform by lobbying in state legislatures. Judicial interventions have had some definite positive effects, but there is growing awareness that courts cannot provide the standards and the review mechanisms that assure good patient care. ⑤The details of providing day-to-day care simply cannot be mandated by a court, so it is time to take from the courts the responsibility for delivery of mental health care and assurance of patient right and return it to the state mental health administrators to whom the mandate was originally given. Though it is a difficult task, administrators must undertake to write roles and standards and to provide the training and surveillance (监督) to assure that treatment is given and patient rights are respected. According to the passage, mental hospital conditions were radically changed because of ______.

(3～5题共用病例)23岁妇女，停经lO周，阴道不规则流血10余天，量不多，呈暗红色，血中伴有小水泡物，妇科检查：B．Pl40／90mmH9，子宫前倾，如孕4个月大，两侧附件可触到鹅卵大、囊性、活动良好、表面光滑的肿物。患者经治疗后即将出院，护士应告知其随访时间为

[听力原文] 未来几天，随着连续降雨，高温势力短期内将有所减弱，全省的最高气温都不会超过30度。但气象专家也提醒大家，高温天气并不会就此结束，还要等待一段时间才能进入凉爽的秋天。（）

Passage oneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

案例分析题背景资料：某河道工程项目法人按照《水利水电工程标准施工招标文件》（2009年版）编制了施工招标文件，招标文件规定不允许联合体投标。某投标人递交的投标文件由投标函及附录、授权委托书（含法定代表人证明文件）、投标保证金、项目管理机构、施工组织设计、资格审查资料、拟分包情况表、已标价工程量清单组成。投标文件拟将渠道混凝土砌块衬砌项目分包，填报了拟分包情况表。经评标委员会评审，该投标人中标，并签订合同。施工期第一个月完成的项目和工程量（或费用）如下：（1）80m3/h挖泥船施工，河道疏浚（5km，断面积48m2）；（2）施工期自然回淤清除（断面积2m2）；（3）河道疏浚超挖断面积（4m2）；（4）排泥管安装拆除，费用10万元；（5）开工展布，费用4万元；（6）施工辅助工程，包括浚前扫床和障碍物清除及其他辅助工程，费用50万元。问题：若80m3/h挖泥船单价为12元/m3，每月工程质量保证金按工程款的5%扣留，计算施工期第1月应支付的工程款和扣留的工程质量保证金。

Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.