题目内容

Video games would have been recommended by Socrates due to its ______.

A. text messages
B. oral tradition
C. unvarying answers
D. two-way communication

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According to the text, it is upsetting that the Federal Reserve does not take into account

A. until what to do is clarified
B. until explicit inflation targets are declared
C. until increases in asset prices are curbed
D. until its efficiency is cast doubt on

The word "syntax" (Paragraph 3) refers to the ______.

A. rules used for ordering and connecting words in a sentence
B. principles defining the connections among different variables
C. definitions describing the impact of biorhythm on one's behavior
D. criteria measuring a person's performance levels with biorhythm

By using the analogy of "throwing a lobster into a pot", the author tries to show that ______.

A. some managers are really foolish people
B. it's cruel to cook lobsters
C. people tend to become complacent
D. bad environment calls for immediate action

Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
"It is an evil influence on the youth of our country". A politician condemning video gaming? Actually, a clergyman denouncing rock and roll 50 years ago. But the sentiment could just as easily have been voiced by Hillary Clinton in the past few weeks, as she blamed video games for "a silent epidemic of media desensitisation" and "stealing the innocence of our children".
The gaming furor centers on "Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas", a popular and notoriously violent cops and robbers game that turned out to contain hidden sex scenes that could be unlocked using a patch downloaded from the internet. The resulting outcry (mostly from Democratic politicians playing to the centre) caused the game's rating in America to be changed from "mature", which means you have to be 17 to buy it, to "adults only", which means you have to be 18, but also means that big retailers such as Wal-Mart will not stock it. As a result the game has been banned in Australia; and, this autumn, America's Federal Trade Commission will investigate the complaints. That will give gaming's opponents an opportunity to vent their wrath on the industry.
Skepticism of new media is a tradition with deep roots, going back at least as far as Socrates' objections to written texts, outlined in Plato's Phaedrus. Socrates worried that relying on written texts, rather than the oral tradition, would "create forgetfulness in the learners' souls, because they will not use their memories; they will trust to the external written characters and not remember of themselves". (He also objected that a written version of a speech was no substitute for the ability to interrogate the speaker, since, when questioned, the text "always gives one unvarying answer". His objection, in short, was that books were not interactive. Perhaps Socrates would have thought more highly of video games.)
Novels were once considered too low-brow for university literature courses, but eventually the disapproving professors retired. Waltz music and dancing were condemned in the 19th century; all that twirling was thought to be "intoxicating" and "depraved", and the music was outlawed in some places. Today it is hard to imagine what the fuss was about. And rock and roll was thought to encourage violence, promiscuity and Satanism; but today even grannies buy Coldplay albums.
We can learn from the text that human beings have a history of ______.

A. fascination for the academic establishment
B. enthusiasm for juvenile psychology
C. disbelief in the novel medium
D. hatred of political corruption

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