题目内容
听力原文：M: Say, Rason, what are you watching？
W: An old Japanese film. I wonder if I'm going to spend all my next year there. I'd better start familiarizing myself with the culture.
M: You mean you are accepted into the program？
W: Yes.
M: That's wonderful. You must be excited.
W: Excited and nervous. You know I owe a lot to Professor Mercheno. He wrote a letter of recommendation for me and he bought me a set of practice tapes and a book which goes with them. Just so I can work on my basic conversation skills.
M: How much Japanese can you understand？
W: Not a lot at present. But I signed up for intensive Japanese this semester.
M: I wish I were as talented as you are in foreign languages. I'd like to study abroad.
W: Than why don't you？ The university has lots of over- seas programs that don't require mastery of a foreign language. The tuition is about the same. You just have to be the kind of person who is receptive to new ways of looking at things and willing to adjust to a different kind of life style.
M: I had assumed that all programs required you to know a foreign language. I might check into this.
W: You won't regret it.
What is the woman doing when the man interrupts her？
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In 1970, a young German schoolmaster had an idea which changed this state of affairs. He decided to turn his little schoolhouse into a dormitory or hostel for the summer holidays. Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of money. The idea was a success. A few years later, the schoolhouse was much too small to hold the many young people who wanted to stay there. As a result, a dormitory was set up in an old castle nearby. This was the first Youth Hostel.
Today, young students and workers of every country can meet in the hostel and get to know each other. When young people arrive at the hostel, they have only to show their card of membership in a hostel organization in their own country. This card will permit him to use the facilities of hostels all over the world for very low prices.
Often, at the evening meal, a group of boys and girls from various parts of the country or the world will happen to meet at the same hostel. They may put their food together and prepare a dinner with many kinds of dishes. Sometimes a program will be organized after the meal with dances, songs, or short talks followed by a question period. One can learn a lot of things about other places, just by meeting people who come from those places. For this reason, a few weeks spent "hostelling" can be just as useful a part of one's education as classes in school.
The author says children in the city seldom went to the woods and fields because
Migration is big, dangerous, compelling. It is 60 million Europeans leaving home from the 16th to the 20th centuries. It is some 15 million Hindus, Sikhs, and Muslims swept up in a tumultuous shuffle of citizens between India and Pakistan after the partition of the subcontinent in 1947.
Migration is the dynamic undertow of population change: everyone's solution, everyone's conflict. As the century turns, migration, with its inevitable economic and political turmoil, has been called "one of the greatest challenges of the coming century."
But it is much more than that. It is, as it has always been, the great adventure of human life. Migration helped create humans, drove us to conquer the planet, shaped our societies, and promises to reshape them again.
"You have a history book written in your genes," said Spencer Wells. The book he's trying to read goes back to long before even the first word was written, and it is a story of migration.
Wells, a tall, blond geneticist at Stanford University, spent the summer of 1998 exploring remote parts of Transcaucasia and Central Asia with three colleagues in a Land Rover, looking for drops of blood. In the blood, donated by the people he met, he will search for the story that genetic markers can tell of the long paths human life has taken across the Earth.
Genetic studies are the latest technique in a long effort of modern humans to find out where they have come from. But however the paths are traced, the basic story is simple: people have been moving since they were people. If early humans hadn't moved and intermingled as much as they did, they probably would have continued to evolve into different species. From beginnings in Africa, most researchers agree, groups of hunter- gatherers spread out, driven to the ends of the Earth.
To demographer Kingsley Davis, two things made migration happen. First, human beings, with their tools and language, could adapt to different conditions without having to wait for evolution to make them suitable for a new niche. Second, as populations grew, cultures began to differ, and inequalities developed between groups. The first factor gave us the keys to the door of any room on the planet; the other gave us reasons to use them.
Over the centuries, as agriculture spread across the planet, people moved toward places where metal was found and worked and to centres of commerce that then became cities. Those places were, in turn, invaded and overrun by people later generations called barbarians.
In between these storm surges were steadier but similarly profound tides in which people moved out to colonize or were captured and brought in as slaves. For a while the population of Athens, that city of legendary enlightenment, was as much as 35 percent slaves.
"What strikes me is how important migration is as a cause and effect in the great world events," Mark Miller, co-author of The Age of Migration and a professor of political science at the University of Delaware, told me recently.
It is difficult to think of any great events that did not involve migration. Religions spawned pilgrims or settlers; wars drove refugees before them and made new land available for the conquerors; political upheavals displaced thousands or millions; economic innovations drew workers and entrepreneurs like magnets; environmental disasters like famine Or disease pushed their bedraggled survivors anywhere they could replant hope.
"It's part of our nature, this movement," Miller said. "It's just a fact of the human con
A great many cancers can be cured but only if______ before they have begun spread or "colonize" in other parts of the body.
SECTION B INTERVIEW
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.
Now listen to the interview.
听力原文： (W= Williams; P= Pitt)
Mr W: Good morning, Mr Pitt. Do sit down.
Mr P: Thank you.
Mr W: First of all, Mr Pitt, I'd like you to tell me a bit about what you've been doing.
Mr P: Well, I left school after I'd done my A-levels.
Mr W: Ah, yes, A-levels. What subjects did you take？
Mr P: I took four subjects: French, German, chemistry and, uh, art. Chemistry wasn't my cup of tea but art has always been.
Mr W: Art？
Mr P: Well, I really wanted to study art. It didn't turn out like that because a friend of my father's offered me a job -- he's an accountant in London. A quite big firm, you know.
Mr W: I see. A firm of accountants. Interesting! In your application, you say that you only spent nine months with this firm of accountants. Why was that？
Mr P: It was nearly a year actually. Well, to be quite honest, I didn't like it. I just couldn't seem to get interested in the job although there were fairly good prospects. So I got a place at the Art College to do a three-year diploma course.
Mr W: I see. Now, Mr Pitt, what about hobbies and interests？ Uh, what do you do in your spare time？
Mr P： I like jazz, traditional and folk music. I don't play, of course, but I go to quite a lot of concerts, and I go to the theatre occasionally and act a bit myself. I'm in the local dramatic society. I read quite a lot and I've done a bit of photography. Also, I've travelled a lot -- hitchhiked all over Europe -- last year, that was.
Mr W：Very interesting, Mr Pitt. I think that's all I wanted to ask about your background. Now, let's talk about the management trainee scheme. What exactly do you think a manager does？
Mr P: I don't know a great deal about the work.
Mr W: But have you got any ideas about it？ You must have thought about it.
Mr P: Well, er, I suppose he has a lot of, er, what is called, policy-making to do. And, mm, he'd have to know how to work with people and all about the company.
Mr W: Mmm.
Mr P: Yes, I, I, er, should think a manager must know, er, something about all aspects of the work.
Mr W: Yes, that's right. We like our executive staff to undergo a thorough training. Young men on our trainee scheme have to work through every branch in the company.
Mr P: Oh？
Mr W: And one of them is accountancy. Presumably you wouldn't like that.
Mr P: Well, if I had to do it, I suppose. But I was thinking that my French and German would mean that I could specialise in overseas work. I'd like to be some sort of an export salesman and travel abroad.
Mr W: You know the glamour of travelling abroad disappears when you've got a hard job of work to do. It's not all fun and game.
Mr P: Oh, yes, I realise that. It's just that my knowledge of languages would be useful.
Mr W: Now, Mr Pitt, is there anything you want to ask me？
Mr P: Well, there's one or two things. I'd like to know if I'd have to sign a contract and what the salary and prospects are.
Mr W: With our scheme, Mr Pitt, there is no contract involved. Your progress is kept under constant review. If we, at any time, decide we don't like you, then that's that! We reserve the right to dismiss you.
Mr P: I see.
Mr W: Of course, you have the same choice about us.
Mr P: Fair enough. And what about the salary？
Mr W: As for salary, you'd be on our fixed scale starting at 870 pounds. For the successful trainee, the prospects are very good.
Mr P: I see. Thank you very much.
Mr W: That's all, Mr Pitt. You should hear from us in a couple of weeks, one way or the other, or we may ask you to come back for another chat. Thank you.
Mr P: Goodbye, Mr Williams.
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