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Bionics is a study in search of principle applicable to engineering by studying of living
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如果只是需要一些事实性的信息，同时面谈的时间有限，则应该多使用封闭式的提问方式。()
The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam in 1620. In 1621, an English newspaper was started in London and was published weekly. The first daily English newspaper was the Daily Courant (current), which didn't appear until March 1702.
In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston. The paper was called Publick (public) Occurrences, both Forreign (foreign) and Domestick (domestic). The local government, however, didn't approve of the paper and stopped its publication after the first issue. In 1704, John Campbell started The Boston Newsletter, the first newspaper to be published daily in the American colonies. By 1760, the colonies had more than thirty daily newspapers. There are now about 1,800 daily papers in America.
Today, as a group, English language newspapers have the largest circulation all over the world. The largest circulation for an individual newspaper, however, is that of the Japanese newspaper Asahi Shimbun, which sells more than eleven million copies each day.
How long is it since the first newspaper was printed？
It is refreshing to see an international organization not only subjecting itself to criticism but also publishing the results. A report published today by the International Development Association which lends on highly concessionary terms to the poorest countries, deserves credit on both counts. But the reasons for producing this sizeable document say as much about the crisis facing aid agencies as they do about the recipients of aid.
In the nature of things the document is self-justificatory. It would be curious indeed for a group of international civil servants enjoying substantial tax-free salaries to recommend their own disbandment.The report concludes that without IDA, the situation in the world's poorest countries "would have been even worse, and the needs today even greater".
Leaving aside whether one can say what would have happened otherwise, there is no doubt that in the 22 years since its inception IDA has been diligent. It has committed $27,000m to 1,302 projects in 78 countries. This year disbursements will be about $2,100m, despite the argument over IDA’s funding which has left it with less money than expected.
All of these considerable sums have gone to the poorest countries on generous terms. No country with a per capita income of more than $730 is eligible for IDA assistance, and in 1980 no less than 80 percent of net disbursements were to countries with per capita incomes of only $410. When incomes are so desperately low, it is not surprising that the terms allow repayment over 50 years without interest.
Nevertheless, as IDA candidly admits, measuring the effectiveness of such aid is difficult. It insists that projects must pay for themselves. In effect, the rate of return must provide the borrowing government with revenue to meet its obligations or else the loan becomes a subsidy.
The word "counts" (line 4) in this passage refers to______
Why do many people criticize TV programs in the U. S.？
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