题目内容
What's your earliest childhood memory？ Can you remember learning to walk？ Or talk？ The first time you【C1】______ thunder or watched a television program？ Adults seldom【C2】______ events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three or four 【C3】______ retain any specific, personal experiences. A variety of explanations have been 【C4】______ by psychologists for this "childhood amnesia (儿童失忆症) . One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories, does not mature 【C5】______ about the age of two. But the most popular theory 【C6】______ that, since adults do not think like children, they cannot【C7】______ childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories or【C8】______ —one event follows【C9】______ as in a novel or film. But when they search through their mental 【C10】______ for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don't find any that fits the【C11】______ . It's like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary.
Now psychologist Annette Simms of the New York State University offers a new 【C12】______ for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply【C13】______ any early childhood memories to recall. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use 【C14】______ spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short-term, quickly 【C15】______ impressions of them into long term memories. In other【C16】______ , children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about【C17】______ —Mother talking about the afternoon【C18】______ looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park. Without this【C19】______ reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form【C20】______ memories of their personal experiences.
【C1】
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Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
With the U. S. economy slowing down, layoffs are everywhere. No industry is spared. If you end up having to start over, in addition to starting your job search, there are several things you should take care of to make your transition a smooth one.
First and foremost, clear up any misunderstanding about how and why you left your last job with your ex-boss. Whether you left voluntarily, were fired or were laid off due to budget cutbacks, make sure you both have the same explanation. Agree on job titles as well, so you can update your resume accordingly. Also ask for a reference if you think your ex boss will offer one and you trust that he or she will speak honestly about your performance.
You should have source of emergency cash that you can use in the interim (过渡期). Don't panic and liquidate your stocks and bonds just yet, be optimistic in your prospects while also be more frugal than usual. You should save money on not having to dry clean work clothes so often and eating less takeout lunches. Save money by not eating out at restaurants and watch videos rather than going to the movies every weekend. Make a note of your job-hunting expenses; such as career-counselors' consulting fees and resume printing costs, and save the receipts. By next year's tax-filing time, you could get deductions on your job-search expenses (unless you left a job willingly or was a college graduate looking for your first job).
Most companies terminate your medical insurance coverage as soon as you stop working for them. But it doesn't mean you have to forgo (放弃) medical coverage altogether. There is something called Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) in the United States that legally protects an ex-employee's right to stay in the company's health care plan. However, the company will stop paying your premiums, and you will have to pay out of your pocket the expenses. This is still a good option compared to no health insurance at all.
Don't forget to ask for job leads from your ex-coworkers. Even if you are leaving for a job in another industry, you never know what people they happen to know that can help with your job search. Keep in touch with the friends you have made at your old job. Remember to anchor yourself to people, not institutions, and you will find that any transition is made easier.
What's the main reason to lead to unemployment according to the passage？
If pollution continues to increase at the present rate, formation of aerosols (悬浮微粒) in the atmosphere will cause the onset (开始) of an ice age in about fifty years' time. This conclusion, reached by Dr. S. Rasool and Dr. H. Schneider of the United States Goddard Space Flight Centre, answers the apparently conflicting questions of whether an increase in the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere will cause the Earth to warm up or increasing the aerosol content will cause it to cool down. The Americans have shown conclusively that the aerosol question is dominant.
Two specters haunting conservationists have been the prospect that environmental pollution might lead to the planet's becoming unbearably hot or cold. One of these ghosts has now been laid, because it seems that even an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to eight times its present value will produce an increase in temperature of only 2℃. which would take place over several thousand years. But the other problem now looms larger than ever.
Aerosols are collections of small liquid or solid particles dispersed in air or some other medium. The particles are all so tiny that each is composed of only a few hundred atoms. Because of this they can float in the air for a very long time. Perhaps the most commonly experienced aerosol is industrial smog of the kind that plagued London in the 1950s and is an even greater problem in Los Angeles today. These collections of aerosols reflect the Sun's heat and thereby cause the Earth to cool.
Dr. Rasool and Dr. Schneider have calculated the exact effect of a dust aerosol layer just above the Earth's surface in the temperature of the planet. As the layer builds up, the present delicate balance between the amount of heat absorbed from the Sun and the amount radiated from the Earth is disturbed. The aerosol layer not only reflects much of the Sun's light but also transmits the infrared radiation from below. So, while the heat input to the surface drops, the loss of heat remains high until the planet cools to a new balanced state.
Within fifty years, if no steps are taken to stop the spread of aerosols in the atmosphere, a cooling of the Earth by as much as 3.5℃ seems inevitable. If that lasts for only a few years it would start another ice age, and because the growing ice caps at each pole would themselves reflect much of the Sun's radiation it would probably continue to develop even if the aerosol layer were destroyed.
The only bright spot in this gloomy forecast lies in the hope expressed by Dr. Rasool and Dr. Schneider that nuclear power may replace fossil fuels in time to prevent the aerosol content of the atmosphere from becoming critical.
The author's main purpose in writing the article is to warn of ______.
A．She was asked to call the chairman's wife.B．She was asked to make a copy of English
听力原文： Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize
people？ Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child or even an animal, such as a pigeon can learn to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted.
We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone's personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.
Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone's personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a "nice face" looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a "nice person", you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm-hearted, and so on. There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. An American psychologist found nearly 18,000 English words characterizing differences in people's behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types: people are described with such terms.
People have always tried to "type" each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villains' or the heroes' role. In fact, the words "person" and "personality" come from the Latin persona, meaning "mask". Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easi]y tell the "good guys" from the "bad guys" because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.
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