题目内容
听力原文：W: Good afternoon! I'm a newcomer. I wonder If you could give me some information.
M: I'd be pleased to. What can I do for you？
W: Suppose I want to find a book "Gone With The Wind" by Margaret Mitchell, would I look under Margaret and then under Mitchell until I come to the one who wrote the "Gone With The Wind" or would I simply look under the title through the catalogue myself？
M: Do you see those desk-top computer terminals over there？ We now use them to locate our books. We think it's more efficient than the old card catalogue system. Come on, I'll show you how to use it. You decide what book you want and pick the microfiche with that letter on it. It's all in alphabetical order. You can know the name of the book, the name of the author or subject. They're all lumped together on the same sheet.
W: That sounds easy enough. Suppose I want to borrow "War and Remembrance" by Herman Work.
M: You could look under "W" for the title, then we'll look on the "H" sheet for the author. Turn on the light, then move the microfiche, and there it is. The "W" after the library code number tells you that it's here at the back branch of the library, rather than at one of our other branches.
W: Today, I just want to find a novel for some light reading. It strikes me that this novel "The Grapes of Wrath" by John Steinbeck is what I should like to take.
M: You are perfectly right to decide upon that book It's very much in demand. Please fill out this card. Do you have any identification which shows your new address？ I need to see something that verifies that you're a resident of the country ... All right now. I'll give you a list of all the branches before you go. These books may only be used here, and no one is permitted to borrow them.
W: I'll be here for five years, so I'd like to learn to use the library as efficiently as possible. I wonder if someone might have time to show me around.
M: With pleasure. These shelves right next to us have our latest acquisitions of fiction and nonfiction The older fiction books are in alphabetical row according to the author's last name. Stop by the desk on your way out to check your books and to pick up a brochure description of all our services.
W: Thank you very much for your help. I've noticed that your periodical section is quite complete. I think I'll explore the whole library on my own in order to acquaint myself with all that you have told me.
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A．The City of Boston.B．A to Z Towing.C．New Horizons.D．The City of Los Angeles.
Going Forth, The Nations Multiply Unevenly
Despite wars, famines, and epidemics, Earth' s population is booming ahead to new records--with no end insight.
Every day, the world adds enough people to populate a medium-sized city in the US. In one month, the number of new world citizens equals the population of New York City. Every year, there are 90 million more mouths to feed, more than the total population of Germany.
Several factors are propelling this rapid growth, including an element that is often overlooked: the huge number of teenagers who axe becoming mothers, particularly in the countries of sub-Saharan Africa. In four African nations--Niger, Mali, Sierra Leone, and Ivory Coast-- 1 out of every 5 adolescent females of childbearing age has a baby annually. The US Bureau of the Census says this high rate of motherhood among teens has helped to maintain the high pace of births across most of the African continent. By starting a family early, a typical woman is Somalia, for instance, has seven children during her lifetime. Equally large families are the rule in Zambia, Zaire, Uganda, Mauritania, Mali, Malawi, and Ethiopia.
The current record-holder for fertility is strife-tom Rwanda, where a typical mother has at least eight or nine children. While population experts often focus on Africa' s problems, analysts note that teenaged mothers are also far more prevalent in the United States than in France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, or Britain.
This issue--" babies having babies"--has recently gained prominence in the US. Teenaged mother hood in the US has fueled an expansion of the state federal welfare system and brought cries for welfare reform. from lawmakers.
With its high rate of teen births, the US now ranks alongside Indonesia and parts of South America, and only modestly ahead of Mexico, India, and Pakistan.
Overall, the fertility rate among Americans remains relatively low at 2.1 births per woman--about the replacement level. Although the US population is expected to climb steadily, from 260 million today to 323 million by 2020, most of that growth will come from immigration.
The Census Bureau estimates that in Haiti, where thousands of citizens are trying to flee to the US because of military oppression and poverty, AIDS will cut the annual growth rate during the next 25 years from 2.1 percent to 1.3 percent.
The decline in growth is even sharper in the Central African Republic, where rates will dip from 2.4 percent to 0.7 percent. In Thailand, which already had low birth rates, AIDS will drive population downward to 0.8 percent a year. In the 16 countries that are hit hardest, AIDS will lower populations by 121million over expected projections by 2020. In Africa, the impact of AIDS is so great that trends toward longer life spans during the past 40 years are being reversed. Some nations will suffer declines in average life spans of 10 to 30 years compared with expected life spans without AIDS.
In the US, where AIDS is also a substantial problem, the impact will be lower because the disease is mostly limited to homosexuals and drug users, says Peter Way, a Census Bureau researcher. In many African nations, AIDS is prevalent among the heterosexual population, which sharply boosts infant mortality.
A compelling chapter in the research deals with aging. Today the median age in developed countries is 35, and in developing nations are only 23. By 2020, the corresponding figures will be 42 and 28. Today there are fewer adults over 60 (525 million) than children under 5 (636 million). As the world population ages, by 2020 the number over 60 will be more than 1 billion, while those under 5 will total 717 million.
Sub-Saharan African countries ______.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Before discussing the effect of deflation and inflation on the distribution of income, it will be useful to define these terms. By inflation we mean a time of generally rising prices of goods and factors of production, such as wages and rents. By deflation we mean a time when most prices and costs are falling. Neither in inflation nor in deflation do prices all move in the same direction or in exactly the same proportion. As a result of changes in relative prices and in total spending, the two processes of inflation and deflation cause definite and characteristic changes in the distribution of income among economic classes.
Unforeseen inflation tends to favor debtors and profit receivers at the expense of creditors and fixed-income receivers. Suppose, for example, you lend ＄1,000 today and me paid back one year from now. If in the meantime prices have doubled, then your debtor will be paying back only one half as much real purchasing power as you gave him Or consider an American who was earning a fixed rate of 6% yearly on a mortgage prior to World War Ⅱ. After 1939 he found that, as a result of inflation caused by World War Ⅱ, he was not even holding his own as far as real purchasing power of the dollar was concerned. On the other band, one who invests in real estate, in common stocks, or in commodities makes a great profit dining times of unforeseen inflation, when the volume of business sales increases greatly, as do prices, between the time that businesspersons buy and sell their merchandise, fixed or overhead costs remain the same; other costs rise, but not so rapidly as prices. For all these reasons, profits increase--often faster than the cost of living.
In times of deflation, the situation is reversed Creditors and fixed-income receivers tend to gain at the expense of debtors and profit receivers. If prices fall between the time that a creditor lends money and is repaid, then he gets back more purchasing power than he lent. Between the time that a merchant buys and sells goods, he will have to take a loss. The school teacher who keeps his jobs and whose pay is not cut, however, finds that his real income has increased. Likewise, a hoarder who earns no interest on the money she keeps hidden finds the real value of her wealth increasing everyday as prices fall. If prices fall at the rate of 10% a year, she is being rewarded for her antisocial act of hoarding at a 10% rate of interest in real terms, while the businessperson who gives someone a job may find that he can't even get back his outlay, much less earn a profit.
Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？
The author says the best way to ensure the right size of a bike for you is to alter the position of the handlebars and the seat
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