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Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.Passage OneQuestions 45 to 49 are based on the following passage.Urbanization—migration away from the suburbs to the city center—will be the biggest real estate trend in 2015. according to a new report.The report says America's urbanization will continue to be the most significant issue affecting the industry, as cities across the country imitate the walkability and transit-oriented development making cities like New York and San Francisco so successful.As smaller cities copy the model of these "24-hour cities," more affordable versions of these places will be created. The report refers to this as the coming of the "18-hour city," and uses the term to refer to cities like Houston, Austin, Charlotte, and Nashville, which are "positioning themselves as highly competitive, in terms of livability, employment offerings, and recreational and cultural facilities."Another trend that looks significant in 2015 is that America's largest population group, Millennials （千禧一代）, will continue to put off buying a house. Apartments will retain their appeal for a while for Millennials, haunted by what happened to home-owning parents.This trend will continue into the 2020s, the report projects. After that, survey respondents disagree over whether this generation will follow in their parents' footsteps, moving to the suburbs to raise families, or will choose to remain in the city center.Another issue affecting real estate in the coming year will be America's failing infrastructure. Most roads, bridges, transit, water systems, the electric grid, and communications networks were installed 50 to 100 years ago, and they are largely taken for granted until they fail.The report's writers state that America's failure to invest in infrastructure impacts not only the health of the real-estate market, but also our ability to remain globally competitive.Apart from the specific trends highlighted above, which cause some investors to worry, the report portrays an overall optimism borne by the recent healthy real-estate "upcycle" and improving economy. Seventy-four percent of the respondents surveyed report a "good to excellent" expectation of real-estate profitability in 2015. While excessive optimism can promote bad investment patterns, resulting in a real- estate "bubble," the report's writers downplay that potential outcome in that it has not yet occurred.45. According to the new report，real estate development in 2015 will witness ______ .A. an accelerating speedB. a shift to city centersC. a new focus on small citiesD. an ever-increasing demand46. What characterizes "24-hour cities" like New York?A. People can live without private cars.B. People are generally more competitive.C. People can enjoy services around the clock.D. People are in harmony with the environment.47. Why are Millennials reluctant to buy a house?A. They can only afford small apartments.B. The house prices are currently too high.C. Their parents' bad experience still haunts them.D. They feel attached to the suburban environment.48. What might hinder real estate development in the U.S. ?A. The continuing economic recession in the country.B. The lack of confidence on the part of investors.C. The fierce global competition.D. The worsening infrastructure.49. How do most of the respondents in the survey feel about the U.S. real-estate market in 2015?A. Pessimistic.B. Hopeful.C. Cautious.D. Uncertain.

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Passage TwoQuestions 50 to 54 are based on the following passage.Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated (隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.

多点交叉是指先随机生成多个交叉点，然后再按这些交叉点分段地进行部分（），生成子代中的两个新的个体。

（）是利用搜索过程得到的中间信息来引导搜索向最优方向发展的算法。

与/或树是用于表示问题及其求解过程的一种（），通常用于表示比较复杂问题的求解。