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“人们对甲状腺肿大盛行的地区进行调查时发现，这些地区的人口、气候、风俗等状况各不相同，但有一共同的情况即士壤和水流中缺碳，居民的食物和饮水中也缺碳。由此可知，缺礦是引起甲状腺肿大的原因.”上述探求因果联系的方法是( )
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把狗的小脑切除，其他部分未切除，狗就失去了动作协调的能力。由此得出结论：小脑的这部分神经中枢正常，可能是动物动作协调的原因或部分原因。上述推理用了哪种探求因果联系的方法？( )
国外有的科学家通过对人的头发的化学成分的分析，发现头发内含有大量的硫和钙。精确的测定表明，患心肌梗塞的人的头发中含钙量已降到最低限度。假定一个健康男子头发的含钙量平均为0.26%，那么，一个患有心肌梗塞的男子，他的头发的含量仅仅只有0.09%，据此科学家相信，根据头发的含碳量的变化，可以诊断出心肌梗塞病的发展情况。此推理所用的方法是（）
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state's bad air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents' hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 . All of which, combined with California's reputation as the home of technological 29, makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google's Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima's boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco's transit workers went on strike and the city's 34were forced to use their cars. Conversely, "cycle to work" days have done their job by35pollution lows.A) assistedB) collaboratingC) consequenceD) consumersE) creatingF) detailG) domesticH) frequentlyI) inhabitantsJ) innovationK) intendedL) outdoorM) pollutantsN) restrictedO) sum
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.【同学们只需要在作答时填写词汇前的英文字母，大写即可】Millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious ___26___ occurring in the developing world.The figures include a number of costs ___27___ with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a year.The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes ___28___ like home heating and cooking, has remained ___29___ over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation.Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray ___30___ it as an “urgent call to action.” One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little ___31___, he said.The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income ___32___ nearly 1% of GDP. Around 9 in 10 people in low and middle-income countries live in places where they ___33___ experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution.But the problem is not limited ___34___ to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the U. S. as a result of related illnesses. In many European countries, where diesel (柴油) ___35___ have become more common in recent years, that number reaches tens of thousands.A) abilityB) associateC) consciouslyD) constantE) controlF) damageG) describedH) equalsI) exclusivelyJ) innovatedK) regularlyL) relatesM) sourcesN) undermineO) vehicles
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