题目内容
Television has changed the lifestyle. of people in every industrialized country in the world. In the United States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.
Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people’s lives. It alters people's ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains (维持) modern life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高)people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.
The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.
Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.
According to the author American television is poor in quality because ______.
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听力原文：W: So, how are things going, Steve？
M: Well, to be honest, Carla, [24] I was feeling great on Saturday, but I started to feel sick Sunday afternoon. I thought I'd get better, but I feel worse than before. And I'm really worried because I'm scheduled to have a presentation at work on Friday, so I have to be better by then.
W: Well, what seems to be the problem？
M: Well, [23] I thought I had the flu, but the doctor said it was just a bad cold. He gave me some cold medicine to take care of my stuffy nose and fever. I'm supposed to take the medicine three times a day after eating, but it doesn't seem to help. He also told me to stay off my feet for a day or so, but I'm so busy these days.
W: Listen, forget about that medicine! I have just the thing to get rid of bad colds. You see, my mom is really into herbal medicine.
M: Oh, no, thanks.
W: Ah, come on! Give it a try. [25] You just take some of my mom's herbal tea and drink it four times a day. Believe me. You'll be up and dancing around in no time.
M: Dancing around in no time, right？ Well, I guess. Nothing else seems to be doing the job.
W: Great. I'll come by your place at 7:30. See you then.
(20)
One day, a little girl whom he had never seen before walked【C2】______into his shop and demanded twenty cigarettes. She had the【C3】______amount of money in her hand and seemed very【C4】______of herself. Mr. Johnson was so【C5】______by her confident manner that he【C6】______to ask his usual question.【C7】______, he asked her what kind of cigarettes she wanted. The girl replied【C8】______and hand with the money. While he was giving her the【C9】______, Mr. Johnson said laughingly that【C10】______she was so young she should【C11】______the packet in her pocket in【C12】______a policeman saw it.【C13】______the little girl did not seem to find this very funny. Without【C14】______smiling she took the【C15】______and walked towards the door. Suddenly she stopped, turned【C16】______, and looked steadily at Mr. Johnson. There was a moment of silence and the tobacco-seller【C17】______what she was going to say.【C18】______at once, in a clear,【C19】______voice, the girl declared, "My dad is a police-man", and with【C20】______she walked quickly out of the shop.
【C1】
Part A
Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise--and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.
Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.
With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.
Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and deter- mine the human character. (The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties (功能).
Contraction of front and side parts--as cells die off--was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty-and-seventy-year-olds.
Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age--using the head.
The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.
Matsuzawa's findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. "The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain, "he says. "Think hard and engage in conversation. Don't rely on pocket calculators. "
The team of doctors wanted to find out ______.
What fact have the man and the woman learned about the drugstore？
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