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上行文应当注明签发人、会签人姓名。其中,()应当在附注处注明联系人的姓名和电话。

A. 通知
B. 请示
C. 函
D. 报告

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Being considered a leader in our society is the ultimate compliment. "Leadership has become the universal vitamin C pill," says psychologist David Campbell of the Center for Creative Leadership in Colorado Springs, Colo. "people seem to want megadoses."
No wonder, Leadership bestows power, commands respect and, most important fosters achievement. Unlike vitamins, though, leadership pills can't be easily gulped down. They must be carefully cultivated.
Contrary to popular belief, most good leaders are made not born.
They hone their skills in their everyday lives. But which do they cultivate? How do they (and how can you) get others to follow?
Always give credit. Many leaders note that the most efficient way to get a good performance from others is to treat them like heroes. Giving public credit to someone who has earned it is the best leadership technique in the world. It is also an act of generosity that's never forgotten. Giving credit is more effective than even the most constructive criticism, which often hurts rather than helps. Kenneth Blanchard, coauthor of The One-Minute Manager, agrees. "Catch people doing something right!" he says. Then tell everyone about it. The loyalty you will generate is arguably the most important currency a leader has.
"The best leaders know that taking a risk is not a thoughtless exercise," says management consultant Marilyn Machlowitz. "Sky divers don't go up in an airplane without checking the parachutes beforehand."
Because the idea of risk also carries with it the possibility of failure, many of us tend to wait for others to take charge. But if you want to be a leader, you must learn to fail--and not die a thousand deaths. Pick yourself up and start all over again.
Show the way. In 1965, Lee Ducat was a Philadelphia homemaker with a child who had just been found to have diabetes. Ducat tried to reach out to other mothers of diabetic kids, but at first no one wanted to talk.
Finally Ducat managed to find three other mothers willing to share their experience, and from that beginning she went on to found and lead the Juvenile Diabetes Foundation, which currently has 150 chapters worldwide. Ducat also formed and now heads the National Disease Research Interchange, which procures human tissues for vital research. Lee Ducat's secret? Being a role model.
"Have you ever noticed that if you smile at people, they smile back?" she asks, "Well, if you're giving, people want to give right back. If you're sure-footed, they want to follow in your footsteps. If you're confident about reaching a goal, others echo that confidence and try to achieve it for you."
"The best thing you can do is to get followers to mirror your actions by being what you wish them to be."
When the writer says leadership has become the universal vitamin C pill, he means _________.

A. leadership can cure many diseases as vitamin C does.
B. leadership is an essential part of everybody.
C. leadership can prevent one from failure.
D. leadership brings power, respect, achievement, etc.

秘书参加各种会议,处理来信、来访,向领导请示汇报工作等属于()。

A. 私人交往
B. 书面交往
C. 领导交往
D. 公务交往

以下事实中,要求给予警告的是()。

A. 招标人强制要求投标人组成联合体共同投标的,或者限制投标人之间竞争的
B. 招标代理机构与招标人、投标人串通损害国家利益、社会公共利益或者他人合法权益的
C. 将必须进行招标的项目化整为零或者以其他任何方式规避招标的
D. 依法必须进行招标项目的招标人泄露标底的

拟办时秘书人员提出的具体的处理意见也称为()。

A. 处理预案
B. 办文预案
C. 公文预案
D. 处理措施

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