[Unit 5] Directions: The following statements (A-E) are taken from the Introduction of a research paper. Please reorganize them into a logical and coherent sequence.
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[Unit 6] Directions: Choose the main idea for Paragraphs 5-15 of Unit 6's Text A..
A. Microbes harm their human hosts to enhance their chances of survival.
B. Microbes’ ability to cause disease is an adaptation against their hosts.
C. Microbes’ adaptation to the environment may sometimes be detrimental to humans.
[Unit 6] Directions: There are 5 blanks in the following passage. Read the passage carefully and fill in each of the blanks by choosing the right word or phrase from the list given below.Casadevall likes to say that each microbe holds a different hand of cards – adaptations that allow it to cope with its environment. Most of these 1__________ are meaningless to us. A bacterium might be able to resist being 2__________ by other cells, but it might not be able to grow at 37 degrees Celsius. It might grow at the right temperature, but it might not be able to 3__________ our slightly alkaline pH levels. But that doesn’t matter. There are so many microbes out there that some of them will end up with a hand that lets them 4__________ their way into our game. “If you take all the microbial species in the world and imagine that they have these traits 5__________, you can find pathogenic microbes for practically anything,” says Casadevall.
[Unit 6] Directions: The passage below is accompanied by several questions. Some blanks are problamatic and others are not. Please determine if the expressions should be improved or not.To obtain extracts, different techniques 1included homogenizer assisted (HAE), maceration (MAC) and infusion were used. In HAE, the plant materials (5 g) were extracted with solvents (100 mL of water or methanol) 2using a homogenizer at 6000×g for 5 min. In MAC, the plant materials (5 g) 3macerated with solvents (100 mL of water or methanol) for 24 h at room temperature. With respect to the infusion, the plant materials (5 g) were infused in 100 mL of 4boiled water for 15 min. Then, all extracts were filtered and solvents were evaporated. The 5drying extracts were stored at 4 °C until analysis.
[Unit 6] Directions: Match the following verbs in the blanks to complete the text below.In one recent example, Epstein, Wilfley and colleagues 1________ a multisite, randomized controlled trial to study whether adding a social intervention to family-based behavioral treatment could improve long-term outcomes for 7- to 11-year-old children with obesity. All of the participants 2________ a four-month family-based weight-loss program. Then two groups of the families participated in a social facilitation maintenance (SFM) program, in which they 3________strategies to enlist social supports and to maintain healthier habits in social contexts such as at school, when dining out at restaurants and while hanging out with friends. One group participated in 32 sessions of SFM, while the other 4________ 16 sessions of SFM. A control group received additional information on diet and exercise, without social facilitation training or skills instruction.Twelve months later, 64 percent of the children in the 16-session SFM program had reached clinically meaningful weight-loss targets. In the 32-session group, 82 percent of kids 5________ that goal. Just 48 percent of the children in the control group had reached the weight-loss targets a year later (JAMA Pediatrics, Vol. 171, No. 12, 2017).