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企业面临的风险必须引致企业危机产生。
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纯粹风险情况下，损失和获利同时存在。
翻译以下句子1、The software lifecycle is a fundamental concept in software engineering.Software, like many other products, goes through a cycle of repeating phases.2、There are four phases of the development process in the software life cycle: analysis, design, implementation, and testing.Several models have been used in relation to these phases.Some of the popular models are: the waterfall model, the prototyping model, the spiral model, the agile model, and the incremental model.3、The SDLC begins with the analysis phase.The result in this phase is the requirement specification document that shows the function and scope of the target software without specifying how it will be done.This phase can be either procedure-oriented analysis or object-oriented analysis.4、In procedure-oriented design, the whole project is divided into a set of procedures or modules.In object-oriented design, the design phase continues by elaborating the details of classes.5、Modularity means breaking a large project into smaller parts that can be understood and handled easily.Two issues are important when a system is divided into modules: coupling and cohesion.Coupling between modules in a software system must be minimized.Cohesion between modules in a software system should be maximized.6、Some of the attributes of software quality are operability, maintainability, and transferability.7、The objective of testing phase is to find errors in the software.There are two kinds of unit testing: white-box testing (or glass box testing) and black-box testing.White-box testing is program-based testing, and black-box testing is specification-based testing.White-box testing uses the internal structure of the software.Black-box testing only tests software’s inputs and outputs and focus on the results other than the processes without knowing what is inside it and how it works.8、Software development models are the various methodologies or processes that have been developed in order to achieve the project’s objectives.There are several models for the development process.Some of the most important and common models are waterfall model, incremental model， prototyping model, spiral model, agile model, iterative model, V model, and rapid application development (RAD) model.9、CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration) is a process improvement framework that provides organizations with the essential elements of effective processes to improve their performance.10、Various types of documentation are offered for software development, such as user documentation, system documentation and technical documentation.11、SOA (Service-oriented Architecture) is an architectural approach for creating efficient systems.
最大功率点跟踪（MPPT）控制的定义、作用及MPPT控制的功率扰动法算法特点
某高山气象站发电系统的设计：当地气象地理条件：纬度: 北纬 30-45 度，经度: 东经 90-120 度，海拔: 1000-4000 米，最长阴雨天:3 天；水平面全年总辐射量为:165千卡/厘米²。太阳电池方阵面上的总辐射为180千卡/厘米2。平均每日峰值日照时数为：5.72 小时/日。负载情况太阳电池组件的选型：型号为：33D1312X310，开路电压：21V，短路电流：2.4A，峰值电压：17V，峰值电流：2.235A，峰值功率：38 Wp。请设计电源系统容量：①设计为对48V蓄电池组充电,根据系统工作电压等级确定太阳电池组件的串联数。②计算每日负载耗电量（Ah）③计算所需太阳电池的总充电电流。取参数： 0.9: 蓄电池的充电效率0.8: 逆变器效率1.02: 20年内太阳电池衰降，方阵组合损失，尘埃遮挡等综合系数。④计算所需太阳电池的并联数⑤计算所需太阳电池的总功率⑥计算所需蓄电池容量（取蓄电池放电深度：0.875）
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