题目内容
On Being a Matchmaker
The first thing I do when I wake up is to make a mental list of all things I have to do that day. I'm very organized! Then I get up and have my bath. Often my best matchmaking(媒人) ideas come while I'm in the bath. Sometimes I have a really good idea about who might be good with whom.
Before I did matchmaking , I was a social worker, but I knew I wanted to do something without bosses telling me what to do and that I am good at dealing with people. Also I had seen too many broken marriages and too many people go downhill because they were so lonely. So I gave up my job, did a bit of research and started the matchmaking business in 1970.
Over the last few years we've been doing introductions throughout Europe as well as here in Britain. Europeans want to meet British people. For every 100 people who come to us, about 65 will settle down. We keep going until clients (委托人) find someone that they get on very well with. We're great tiers. Of course there are impossible people, those who will never settle...
Sometimes I end up giving advice to clients. A few months ago, we had a highly paid scientist with a very nice face, but every woman refused to meet him a second time. It soon became clear that he did not like changing his shirts. So I had to be very honest and frank and told him, "But a woman can't start to love you if your shirt smells. " The job is most satisfying when I get a call from a couple telling me they have fallen in love.
What does the author mean by saying "I'm very organized"？
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The founders of the Republic viewed their revolution primarily in political rather than economic or social terms. And they talked about education as essential to the public good--a goal that took precedence over knowledge as occupational training or as a means to self- fulfillment or self-improvement. Over and over again, the Revolutionary generation, both liberal and conservative in outlook, asserted its conviction that the welfare of the Republic rested upon an educated citizenry and that schools, especially free public schools, would be the best means of educating the citizenry in civic values and the obligations required of everyone: in a democratic republican society. All agreed that the principal ingredients of a civic education were literacy and the inculcation of patriotic and moral virtues, some others adding the study of history and the study of principles of the republican government itself.
The founders, as was the case of almost all their successors, were long on exhortation and rhetoric regarding the value of civic education, but they left it to the textbook writers to distill the essence of those values for school children. Texts in American history and government appeared as early as the 1790s. The textbook writers turned out to be very largely of conservative persuasion, more likely Federalist in outlook than Jeffersonian, and almost universally agreed that political virtue must rest upon moral and religious precepts. Since most textbook writers were New Englanders, this meant that the texts were infused with Protestant, and above all, Puritan outlooks.
In the first half of the Republic, civic education in the schools emphasized the inculcation of civic values and made little attempt to develop participatory political skills. That was a task left to incipient political parties, town meetings, churches, and the coffee or ale houses, where men gathered for conversation. Additionally, as a reading of certain Federalist papers of the period would demonstrate, the press probably did more to disseminate realistic as well as partisan knowledge of government than the schools. The goal of education, however, was to achieve a higher form. of unum for the new Republic. In the middle half of the nineteenth century, the political values taught in the public and private schools did not change substantially from those celebrated in the first fifty years of the Republic to the textbooks of the day, their rosy hues if anything became golden. To the resplendent values of liberty, equality, and a benevolent Christian morality were now added the middle-class virtues-- especially of New England--of hard work, honesty and integrity, the rewards of individual effort, and obedience to parents and legitimate authority. But of all the political values taught in school, patriotism was preeminent; and whenever teachers explained to school children why they should love their country above all else, the idea of liberty assumed pride of place.
The passage deals primarily with the ______.
William "Bendigo" Thompson, heavyweight champion of England in the old bare-knuckle days was one of the dirtiest and most treacherous fighters ever to step into a prize ring. Yet he was se popular that a town, a racehorse and a liqueur were named Bendigo in his honor during his lifetime.
Bendigo Thompson was one of triplets born in Nottingham, England, on October 11, 1811. His mother was a coarse and violent woman. However, she was apparently acquainted with the Book of Daniel, for she nicknamed her three sons Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego. As a child, the latter's name was corrupted to Bendigo.
He was raised in the slums. His mother was the terror of the neighborhood. She cursed like a fishwife and fought like an outraged army. When she lost her temper--a circumstance that occurred two or three times a day--she boat up, impartially, her children, her husband and any indignant neighbor who thrust his head in the door to protest the noise. But in her own savage way she loved her fighting son and he loved her.
She taught Bendigo never to lead with his right and to fight from a crouch--a boxing style. which he pioneered in the ring.
When he was 21 years old he had attained his full height and weight: just over 5'9"' and 164 pounds. (Though no heavyweight by modern standards, in those days they didn't bother about division classifications.) His complexion was clear and fresh, his gray eyes bright and sparkling, his manner eccentric but confident.
In October of 1832 he embarked upon his professional career. When he fought one Ned Smith the following March for a purse of five pounds, he cut Smith to pieces for six rounds, and knocked him out in the seventh. Ringside sports writers described him as quick, agile and muscular, with tremendous hitting power.
By the time Bendigo began to make a name for himself, the sport of boxing, once the "pride and boast of England," had come into disrepute. Brutality in the ring had caused an increasing number of deaths among fighters; critics complained the fighters accepted bribes to throw matches. The sport was attracting a great following of hoodlums and cutthroats.
As might be expected, this was precisely the kind of atmosphere in which Bendigo could--and did--thrive. During the next two years, he fought eight opponents without a loss.
Bendigo's 13th fight took him out of what today would be called the "preliminary boy"- classification. It was in July of 1835. His opponent was Ben Caunt. They hated each other on sight. C. aunt was them 22, stood 6'3"and weighted 210 pounds. Bendigo looked like a pygmy compared with Caunt. As one baffled sports writer of the period wrote. "Bendigo is the favorite at six to four, a state of odds which seems unaccountable when the disparity of size is considered." But the odds proved correct.
Bendigo enraged his gigantic opponent by his peculiar bending, weaving and crouching techniques; and the spectators roared disapproval when he "accidentally" slipped or fell (thus ending a round) whenever Count was getting the better of him.
Caunt finally lost his head, rushed across the ring and struck Bendigo while he was seated in his corner between rounds. This foul cost Caunt the fight.
Bendigo continued his unbeaten career, whipping men almost twice his size, through skill and skullduggery. Bendigo's fame spread. A racehorse was christened for him. The gold mining town of Sandhurst, in Australia, proudly changed its name to Bendigo. A distiller put on the market a liqueur called Bendigo.
Caunt, unable to tolerate the idea that Bendigo held the title, hurled challenge after challenge at him. Bendigo fought others, but ignored him.
Then, in the early 1840s Bendigo severely injured his knee while turning somersaults for the amusement of his friends. At this point, he announced his retirement from the ring and devoted himself to whisky, reminisc
Norwich
Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum. At the time of the Norman invasion in 1066 it had grown to become one of the largest towns in England.
With two cathedrals and a mosque(清真寺), Norwich has long been a popular centre for various religions. The first cathedral was built in 1095 and has recently celebrated its 900th anniversary, while Norwich itself had a year of celebration in 1994 to mark the 800th anniversary of the city receiving a Royal Charter. This allowed it to be called a city and to govern it-self independently.
Today, in comparison with places like London or Manchester, Norwich is quite small, with a population of around 150,000, but in the 16th century Norwich was the second largest city of England. It continued to grow for the next 300 years and got richer and richer, becoming famous for having as many churches as there are weeks in the year and as many pubs as their are days in the year.
Nowadays, there are far fewer churches and pubs, but in 1964 the University of East Anglia was built in Norwich. With its fast-growing student population and its success as a modern commercial centre (Norwich is the biggest centre for insurance services outside London), the city now has a side choice of entertainment: theatres, cinemas, nightclubs, busy cafes, exeellent restaurants, and a number of arts and leisure centres. There is also a football team, whose colours are green and yellow. The team is known as "The Canaries (金丝雀)",though nobody can be sure why.
Now the city's attractions include another important development, a modern shopping centre called "The Castle Mall". The people of Norwich lived with a very large hold in the middle of their city for over two years, as builders dug up the main car park. Lorries moved nearly a million tons of earth so that the roof of the mall could become a city centre park, with attractive water pools and hundreds of trees, but the local people are really pleased that the old open market remains, right in the heart of the city and next to the new development. Both areas continue to do good business, proving that Norwich has managed to mix the best of the old and the new.
The River Wensum flows by Norwich.
For the most part, curative medicine has as its primary objective the removal of disease from the patient. It provides diagnostic techniques to identify the presence and nature of the disease process. While these may be applied on a mass basis in an attempt to "screen" out persons with preclinical disease, they are usually applied after the patient appears with a complaint. Second, it applies treatment to the sick patient. In every case, this is, or should be, individualized according to the particular need of each patient. Third, it utilizes rehabilitation methodologies to return the treated patient to the best possible level of functioning.
While it is true that both preventive medicine and curative medicine require cadres of similarly trained personnel such as planners, administrators, and educators, the underlying delivery systems depend on quite distinctive professional personnel. The requirements for curative medicine call for clinically trained individuals who deal with patients on a one-to-one basis and whose training is based primarily on an understanding of the biological, pathological, and psychological processes that determine an individual's health and disease status. The locus (地点)for this training is the laboratory and clinic. Preventive medicine, on the other hand, calls for a very broad spectrum of professional personnel, few of whom require clinical expertise. Since their actions apply either to environmental situations or to population groups, their training takes place in a different type of laboratory or in a community not necessarily associated with the clinical locus.
The economic differences between preventive medicine and curative medicine have been extensively discussed, perhaps most convincingly by Winslow in the monograph The Cost of Sickness and the Price of Hearth. Sickness is almost always a negative, nonproductive and harmful state. All resources expended to deal with sickness are therefore fundamentally economically unproductive. Health, on the other hand, has a very high value in our culture. To the extent that healthy members of the population are replaced by sick members, the economy is doubly burdened. Nevertheless, the per capita cost of preventive measures for: specific diseases is generally far lower than the per capita cost of curative medicine applied to treatment of the same disease. Prominent examples are dental caries(蛀牙), poliomyelitis(脊髓灰质炎) and phenylketonuria(苯丙酮尿).
There is an imperative need to provide care for the sick person within a single medical care system, but there is no overriding reason why a linkage is necessary between the two components of a health care system, prevention and treatment. A national health and medical care program composed of semiautonomous systems for personal health care and medical care would have the advantage of clarifying objectives and strategies and of permitting a more equitable division of resources between prevention and cure.
The author's primary concern is
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