题目内容

听力原文： By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861- 1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half of the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox -- a precursor of the modem refrigerator, had been invented.
Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary. The common sense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping up the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.
Which of the following led to the growth of ice trade according to the passage？

A. The growth of the American population.
B. The expansion of cities.
C. The change of the diet of ordinary citizens.
D. The increasing need for food.

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听力原文：Hi, Jim! You look pretty good today. Everybody at the office says hello. We're all pulling for you to pull through this operation and get back to work at soon as you can.
What's wrong with Jim？

A. He's going through an operation.
B. He's getting sick.
C. He's had an accident.
D. He looks good today.

听力原文：My friend Peter is a pushover for anybody in trouble. Yesterday on our way hack from lunch he saw an old man begging. And he immediately handed him a ten-dollar bill.
How's Peter like？

A. He's softhearted.
B. He likes poor people.
C. He's rich.
D. He likes to push other people.

听力原文： Our company is active in world markets and we employ just over thirty thousand people worldwide. We have production facilities, agents and subsidiaries in all five continents and we are increasing our share of the world's cosmetics markets.
Let's begin by looking at the different activities of the group. This chart shows last year's sales when we had a turnover of 37.57 billion French francs. If we look more closely, we can see that the largest part of our revenue comes from Consumer and Salons activities. This market segment accounts for forty-nine percent of the total turnover. It includes skincare products, make- up, fragrances and hair care products where we are a world leader.
Moving on to Active Cosmetics, this division has dual objectives; firstly to develop new, technically advanced cosmetics and secondly to enhance our close relationships with pharmacists -- a key channel of distribution. It achieved a turnover of 3.7 billion French francs last year.
Then we come to Synthelabo, our pharmaceutical subsidiary, which accounts for 16.8 percent of our total revenues. It regularly invests twenty percent of its turnover in research and development.
In addition to these four major areas of activity, our company also owns Artcurial, a contemporary art gallery, we hold a major stake in the Marrie-Claire publishing group and we have increased our stake in Paravision International, a film production and distribution company. Together these activities account for 1.8 percent of our turnover, or 0. 7 billion francs.
What business does this company mainly do？

A. Health care.
B. Cosmetics.
C. Medicine.
D. Chain-storing

SECTION 1 (10 points)
Listen to the following passages and then decide whether the statements below are true or false. There are 10 questions in this section, with 1 points each. You will hear the recording only ONCE. At the end of the recording, you will have 2 minutes to finish this section.
听力原文： For most of us, success and the ability to control our own fate are linked to our ability to lead. Leadership, in fact, is something that concerns everyone. A leader does not necessarily occupy a formal leadership position, for example, as the assistant secretary of state or the chief executive officer. Very often people with leadership titles are not necessarily leaders. Parents, spouses, teammates, colleagues, friends, classmates or playmates can all be leaders if they so desire. A teacher can also be as a leader as he or she is a friend. In fact, most of us spend a great deal of time trying to get other people to do willingly what we want them to do, and that, in the purest sense of the term, is what leadership is all about. Of course, we can force people to do things for a short period of time, but that is not leadership. A true leader is apt to persuade and influence other people to accept his ideas, to follow him and to take action.
So, what is the essence of leadership？ Basically, what is required of a true leader？ It is communication. Without communication, leadership does not exist. It is impossible to get someone to do something without verbal or nonverbal communication. We rely on communication to manage and motivate. We use communication to resolve conflict and facilitate innovation as well as to negotiate.
We may expect our leader to be frank, direct, and to the point. We may also expect that our ideal leader listens, is willing to talk, is open to discussion and constructive suggestions, is receptive to new ideas, and is supportive. But, in most social interactions and economic activities, an ideal and recognized leader invariably emerges as the most competent communicator.
Success has something to do with leadership.

A. 正确
B. 错误