题目内容
听力原文：M: Great to see you back from Canada. What impressed you most about Canadian culture？
W: It's not the Canadian culture but the culture shock that was unbearable.
M: What do you mean by culture shock？
W: Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social communication.
M: Being more specific, what is that？
W: When an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar signs are removed. He or she is like a fish out of water. A series of props have been knocked out from under him, followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety.
M: What are people's reactions？
W: People react to the frustration in much the same way. They reject the environment, which causes the discomfort. The home environment suddenly assumes a tremendous importance. All the difficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered. It usually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality. That's why I'm back.
M: It's like an illness.
W: Yes.
M: Any other symptoms？
W: Excessive concern over drinking water, food and bedding; fear of physical contact with others, the absent-minded stare; a feeling of helplessness and a desire for dependence on long-term residents of one's own nationality; fits of anger over minor frustrations; and finally, that terrible longing to be back at home.
M: What is the reason for all this？
W: This evidently grows out of the real difficulties, which the visitor experiences in the process of adjustment. There are house troubles, transportation troubles and shopping troubles.
M: I bet everyone comes across some difficulty.
W: If people succeed in getting some knowledge of the language and begin to get around by themselves, they are beginning to open the way into the new cultural environment.
M: Have you got it？
W: Hard to say.
M: Ha!
(23)
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The Golden Gate Bridge is one of the world's greatest suspension bridges and acclaimed also as the world's most beautiful bridge.
The Golden Gate, which this bridge spans, is a broad, deep three-mile strait, connecting the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay. The Golden Gate Bridge is 8450 feet long from abutment to abutment, exclusive of approaches. Painted red-orange, it contrasts with the greens, browns and blues of its setting and surroundings. Its towers rise shove the Golden Gate to the height of a 65-story building, and its roadway structure suspended from the great main cables which pass over the lofty towers, rides above the waters at a 19-story height. The largest ships can sail under this bridge.
The Golden Gate Bridge is a result of will and action. In 1917, the city of San Francisco asked Jaseph B Strauss, the extraordinary bridge builder and designer to tackle the problem of bridging the Gate, a problem generation of San Franciscans had regarded as insoluble and impossible. Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge was started on January 5, 1933. Through nearly five years of actual building, slowed and delayed often by elements no human could control, the work went on bit by bit until it was completed in 1937. On May 27 of the same year it was opened to pedestrian traffic as a gala (盛典，盛大欢庆日) event and to regular vehicular and pedestrian traffic on the following day.
The Golden Gate Bridge has been admired by visitors from all over the world. They admire its living grace in its magnificent setting. They respond to its many moods, its warm and vibrant glow in the early sun its seeming play with ,or disdain of, incoming fog; its retiring, shadowy form. before the sunset; its lovely appearance in its lights at night. To residents of the San Francisco Bay area, the Golden Gate Bridge is looked upon as the "Statue of Liberty" of the Pacific.
After you read the introduction to the Golden Gate Bridge, you know "Golden Gate" refers to______.
A．10,000.B．35.C．130.D．30.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Disease can be one of the most powerful factors in checking population growth. In crowded conditions where many individuals of a species are living close together, the spread of pathogens (病原体) from one individual to another, occurs readily. History shows many instances where human populations, crowded together in cities, have been almost wiped out by the rapid spread of disease. Modern orchard and forestry practice recognizes this fact and the close planting of trees of the same species is avoided. Mixed forests and orchards are the recognized procedure these days.
Apart from regulating population numbers in other species, disease has probably been the greatest factor in controlling the growth of the human population.
In the mid 14th century, the Black Death wiped out 25 million people in Europe alone, while as recently as 1918 over 21 million people died in a single year as a result of the influenza epidemic. The relative stability of the human population has been upset by advances in medical science. No longer does disease regulate human population growth in many parts of the world. Medical cures have prolonged life and upset the age structure of many populations, increasing the proportion of individuals in the reproductive age group.
The decrease in distribution and numbers of some species of native birds in New Zealand-the bellbird for example-has been attributed to disease rather than predation. Indeed, there are examples to show that disease has deliberately been used to control some animal populations. In Australia, for instance, the introduction of the myxomatosis (多发粘液瘤病) virus has drastically reduced the rabbit population in many areas, although increasing resistance to the disease is becoming apparent. Attempts to introduce myxomatosis into New Zealand as a means of rabbit population control have failed, mainly because the species of flea and mosquito that transmit the disease are absent in this country.
Research is currently being carried out to discover whether selected strains of virus can be used to control pathogenic bacteria that have developed a resistance to drugs. It is hoped that the virus will parasite (寄生) and kill the bacteria without harming the organism that the bacteria has infected.
Why is the mixed planting of trees of the same species advocated in modern orchards and forests？
听力原文： Thomas Edison is a well known American inventor. He was taught by his mother when he was a child. Later he learned things by himself by reading and experimenting. He built a lab for himself to work in, and he worked very hard in his sixty years of scientific activities. He made over a thousand inventions. Few inventors in the world have had such great success.
Edison's first invention was made in 1868. He was then a telegraph operator. He wished to work out a new method to improve the old telegraph system because it was impossible at that time for the system to send more than one message along the same line at the same time. He read all the works of Faraday, another great scientist, before starting his invention. Sometimes he didn't go to bed and didn't even stop to eat. He thought he had very much to do and there was no time to lose. Days and nights he was reading and reading. After he read through Faraday's writings, he began his experiments. A few months later he succeeded in building a double transmitter and improved the old telegraph System.
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