题目内容
听力原文：M: So you' re visiting San Francisco？
W: Yes, I just got here yesterday. And you？
M: I' m a native.
W: Oh, really？ Everyone else I' ve met so far has been a tourist like us. I was beginning to think that there were no natives.
M: Well. San Francisco has a lot of different ethnic groups so you might think you' re seeing a lot of foreigners. But actually, the city has a population of about 700 000.
W: What are the different ethnic groups？
M: Well, after whites, the largest one is blacks.
W: I thought it was Chinese.
M: It's true that San Francisco has the largest Chinese community outside of Asia. But there are many more blacks here than Chinese.
W: That' s interesting. Don' t most of the Chinese people live in China-town？
M: Well, no, they live all over the city, but China-town is definitely the center of Chinese culture here. That' s where you' ll find the best Chinese restaurants, bookstores, art, theaters, things like that.
W: What about the Japanese？ Doesn' t San Francisco have a large Japanese population too？
M: No, actually there are only about 12 000 Japanese people here, but we do have an area called "Japan-town" that has Japanese restaurants and bookstores.
W: You seem to know a lot about this city.
M: Well, most San Franciscans think their city is pretty special. We like to tall about it. Besides, I teach ethnic history at the university here.
W: No wonder you know so much!
What is the largest ethnic group in San Francisco？
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Why are psychological space needs sometimes modified？
听力原文： Now, I' d like to talk about psychological space.
Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space. The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural preference, not an economic one. Knowing our own psychological space needs is important because they strongly influence your choices, including, for example, the number of bedrooms in the home. If you were reared in a two-child family and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms, the chances are, if you have two children or more, that you also will provide separate bedrooms for them. In America they train people to want their own private rooms by giving them their own rooms when they are babies. This is very rare in the world. In many cultures the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in a crib near their bed.
The areas in the home where people gravitate also reveals a lot about psychological space needs. Some families cluster, and the size of their house has nothing to do with it. Others have separate little niches where family members go to be alone.
Although it is tree that psychological space needs are not determined by economic factors, they sometimes have to be modified a little because of economic pressures. It is almost impossible, however, to completely change your psychological space needs.
Which of the following is the factor that determines human beings' psychological space needs？
Part B
Directions: You will hear four dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.
听力原文： Mrs. Green was the manager of a large company, and frequently had to have meetings with other business people in a room in her building. She did not smoke at all, but many of the other people at the meetings did so. She often found the air during the meetings terrible. One day, after an hour, her throat and eyes were sore, she was coughing a lot, so she called a big air-conditioning company and asked them to work out how much it would cost to keep the air of the meeting room in her building really clean.
After a few days the air-conditioning company sent two estimates for Mrs. Green to choose from. One estimate was $5, 000 to put in new air-conditioning, and the other was for $5. 00 for a sign which said, "NO SMOKING".
What is Mrs. Green？
There are no bad foods, only bad diets. So say many nutritionists, who【C1】______ the demonization (妖魔化) of some foods as junk. On the evidence, there are an awful lot of bad diets around. A recent nationwide weigh-in of 11-year-olds【C2】______ that at a fifth were obese and since being weighed was voluntary and larger children were less【C3】______ to step on the scales, this was no doubt an underestimate.
So Ofcom, the communications watchdog, has【C4】______ that it may be time for a little food demonization after all. In the following few months it is to bring in a ban【C5】______ advertising foods that contain lots of fat or sugar during TV shows that【C6】______ particularly to children. And brand advertising, where no particular products is mentioned, will be【C7】______ . The basic idea is popular with parents, who see it as an easier option than using the off switch.
There are also worries about the specific foods【C8】______ . Ofcom is using a "nutrient-profiling scheme", in which foods are【C9】______ points for their good qualities (containing fruit or vegetables, say) and penalized for bad ones (lots of salt, sugar or fat). But the calculations are【C10】______ on a 100g-portion of the food, so condiments (佐料) such as Marmite and ketchup, which are never【C11】______ in such large quantities, are out. And nutritionally valueless foods containing fat and sugar substitutes may pass muster，【C12】______ nutritionally dense staples such as some cheese will not【C13】______ breast milk for sale, it would be banned，【C14】______ it is too high in fat and sugar.
Sweden and Norway, which have the usual Scandinavian【C15】______ for public health, get round these definitional difficulties【C16】______ banning all advertising to children. The immediate impact on food industry in Britain will anyway be【C17】______ , as these newly dubbed junk foods are not often heavily advertised. But there is more at【C18】______ than the food industry's interests. Anyone cutting out entire food groups is likely to suffer vitamin and mineral【C19】______ . Many girls already avoid dairy products for fear of gaining weight, and giving them another reason to【C20】______ themselves is a bad idea.
【C1】
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