题目内容
David Vaughan's group found that most of the glaciers along the Peninsula were in retreat.
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听力原文： A new report says the cost of studies at public colleges in the United States increased fourteen percent this year. This is the biggest increase in tuition in thirty years. But the study also found that the average student pays a lot less than the published costs of a college education, because of grants. And it points out that American students received a record amount of financial aid last year.
Students do not have to repay grants, unlike financial aid .in the form. of loans. About half of American college students receive grants. This means that education costs differ from student to student.
The report is from the College Board. This is a non-profit membership group of schools and other educational organizations. One of its best-known jobs is to administer college entrance tests.
The College Board says tuition at two-year public colleges rose at the same rate as four-year schools.
The College Board says the increases were mainly caused by cuts in state spending on education. But a congressman says colleges have increased their prices in both good and bad economic times. John Boehner of Ohio is chairman of the House Committee on Education and the Workforce. He says colleges do not went to talk about their decisions to spend money to build things like rock-climbing walls.
The College Board collected information from four-thousand colleges and universities. It says the average total charge for students who live at a public college in their state is ten-thousand-six-hundred dollars. While tuition rose fourteen percent this year, housing and other costs increased at a lower rate.
At a private college, total charges are almost twenty-seven-thousand dollars. That is an increase of about six percent over last year.
(33)
听力原文：W: We should really get Kim to do some more housework. This place is filthy again!
M: Yes, it's always untidy when it's her turn to clean.
Q: What can we find out in this conversation？
(18)
Part C
Directions: Answer questions 71-80 by referring to the following games.
Note: Answer each question by choosing A, B or C and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1. Some choices may be required more than once.
A = BOOK 1 B = BOOK 2 C = BOOK 3 D = BOOK 4
Which book(s)say(s)that...
the climate affects the future sustainable agricultural development？ 71.______
environmental control is related with the national revenues？ 72.______
the environmental problems are not caused overnight？ 73.______
a variety of species are on the decrease？ 74.______
agriculture is also a factor for file degradation of environment？ 75.______
pollution can be controlled by increasing the production cost of polluting goods？ 76.______
pollution control needs the support of technology and techniques？ 77.______
provides lessons for agriculture, trade, land use and tax policy from an economic perspective？
78.______
the degradation of environment causes the change of climate？ 79.______
the approaches to research should be adjusted to the changing situation？ 80.______
A
BOOK1
The book offers a comprehensive perspective on the consequences and possible policy solutions for climatic change as we move into the twenty-first century. It assesses the impact of potential feature global climate change on agriculture and the need to sustain agricultural growth for the economic development.
The book begins by examining the role of international research institutions in overcoming environmental constraints on sustainable agricultural growth and economic development. The authors then discuss how agricultural research systems may be restructured to respond to global environmental problems such as climate change and loss of genetic diversity. The discussion then extends to consider environmental accounting and indexing, to illustrate how environmental quality c; in be included formally in measures of national income, social welfare and sustainability. The third part of the book focuses on the effects of and policy responses to climate change. Chapters in this part examine the effect of climate change on production, trade, land use patterns and livelihoods. They consider impacts on the distribution of income between developed and developing countries remain a major economic activity. Authors take on an economy-wide perspective to draw lessons for agriculture, trade, land use and tax policy.
B
BOOK 2
The ozone layer is threatened by chemical emissions; the climate is endangered from fossil and deforestation, and global biodiversity is being lost by reason of thousands of years of habitat conversions. Global environmental problems arise out of the accumulated impacts from many years' and many countries' economic development. In order to address these problems the states of the world must cooperate to manage their development processes together—this is what an international environmental agreement must do. But can the world' s countries cooperate successfully to manage global development？ How should they manage it？ Who should pay for the process, as well as for the underlying problems？
This book presents an examination of both the problem and the process underlying international environmental lawmaking: the recognition of international interdependence, the negotiation of international agreements and the evolution of international resource management. It examines the general problem of global resource management by means of general principles and case studies and by looking at how and why specific negotiations and agreements have failed to achieve their targets.
The book is designed
Part A
Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
The Stone age, the Iron age. Entire epochs have been named for materials. So what to name the decades ahead？ The choice will be tough. Welcome to the age of superstuff. Material science—once the least sexy technology—is bursting with new, practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics. But superconductors are just part of the picture; from houses and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth, the world will sometime be made of different stuff. Exotic plastics, glass and ceramics will shape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science.
The key to the new materials is researchers' increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level. Ceramics, for instance, have long been limited by their brittleness. But by minimizing the microscopic imperfections that cause it, scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and heat resistance. Ford Motor Co. now uses ceramic tools to cut steel. A firm called Kyocera has created a line of ceramic scissors and knives that stay sharp for years and never rust or corrode.
A similar transformation has overtaken plastics. High-strength polymers now form. bridges, iceskating rinks and helicopter rotors. And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used in electric guitars, touch sensors for robot hands and karate jackets that automatically record each punch and chop. Even plastic litter, which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape, has proved amenable to molecular tinkering. Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms; some plastic six-pack rings for example, gradually decompose when exposed to sunlight. Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass. What's more, composites—plastic reinforced with fibres of graphite or other compounds—made the round-the-world flight of the voyager possible and have even been proved in combat:a helmet saved an infantryman's life by deflecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion.
Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cables that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.
But new materials have no impact until they are made into products. And that transition could prove difficult, for switching requires lengthy research and investment. It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the success or failure of a country in the coming future.
How many new materials are mentioned in this passage？
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