听力原文:M: Do you have a seat for the concert tomorrow?
W: No seats at all, but we sell standing-room tickets two hours before the performance.
Q: What does the woman mean?
(19)
A. It's too late for the man to go to the concert.
B. The man must wait for two hours to buy a ticket.
C. People have already been standing in line for two hours.
D. The man can buy a standing-room ticket tomorrow.
Bringing up children is a hard work, and you are often to blame for any bad behavior. of your children. If so, Judith Rich Harris has good news for you. Parents, she argues, have no important long -term effects on the development of the personality of their children. Far more important are their playground friends and neighborhood. Ms. Harris takes to hitting the assumption, which has dominated developmental psychology for almost half a century.
Ms. Harris' s attack on the developmentalists' "nature" argument looks likely to reinforce doubts that the profession was already having. If parents matter, why is it that two adopted children, reared in the same home, are no more similar in personality than two adopted children reared in separate homes? Or that a pair of identical twins, reared in the same home, are no more alike than a pair of identical twins reared in different homes?
Difficult as it is to track the precise effects of parental upbringing, it may be harder to measure the exact influence of the peer(同龄人) group in childhood and adolescence. Ms. Harris points to how children from immigrant homes soon learn not to speak at school in the way their parents speak. But acquiring a language is surely a skill, rather than a characteristic of the sort developmental psychologists hunt for. Certainly it is different from growing up tensely or relaxed, or from learning to be honest or hard -working or generous. Easy though it may be to prove that parents have little impact on those qualities, it will be hard to prove that peers have vastly more.
Moreover, mum and dad surely cannot be ditched completely. Young adults may, as Ms. Harris argues, be keen to appear like their peers. But even in those early years, parents have the power to open doors: they may initially choose the peers with whom their young associate, and pick that influential neighborhood. Moreover, most people suspect that they come to resemble their parents more in middle age, and that people' s child bearing habits may be formed partly by what their parents did. So the balance of influences is probably complicated, as most parents already suspected without being able to demonstrate it scientifically. Even if it turns out that the genes they pass on and the friends their children play with matter as much as affection, discipline and good example, parents are not completely off the hook.
According to Ms. Harris,______.
A. parents are to blame for any bad behavior. of their children
B. parents will affect greatly the children's life in the long run
C. nature rather than nurture has a significant effect on children' s personality development
D. children' s personality is shaped by their friends and neighbors
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.
听力原文:W: I have heard that your rates have gone up on all postal items. Is that true?
M: Yes, unfortunately, it is. The rates never seem to go down, do they? Here is a copy of all our new rates.
Q: What are the two speakers talking about?
(12)
A trip to the downtown of the city.
B. A forthcoming boat race.
C. A rise in postage.
D. An unfortunate accident.