题目内容
一位家长带着一位5岁男孩找营养专家咨询，抱怨孩子不愿吃饭，只吃一些水果和膨化小食品。营养专家发现男孩身高.体重明显低于同龄儿童，且生殖器发育不良。这种情况发生的最可能原因是：（）
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下列食物中含锌最丰富的是（ ）
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Passage OneQuestions 1to 5are based on the following passage.People do not travel for pleasure on the roads and trains leading into cities on weekday mornings; they are commuting. Commuters represent the exact opposite of Robert Louis Stevenson's view of traveling that “For my part, I travel not to go anywhere, but to go. I travel for travel's sake.” Commuters travel because they have to; the destination is the only thing that matters.Commuting is modern. Up until the 1950s most workers lived in the shadow of their workplace and within earshot of its whistle or hooter; people walked or cycled to work, even going home for their lunch. As cities grow and as the pressure on city center property increases, so ever more people have had to move further away from their place of work. The suburbs grow and this results in the awful rush hours, many of which tail back to the suburbs themselves. To ease the commuter congestion city governments build new roads, especially ring roads, but these generate more traffic, adding to the traffic jams and bad health. San Francisco introduced BART (the Bay Area Rapid Transit) to take the pressure off its roads, but after an initial positive response the scheme was overtaken by the sheer magnitude of commuter growth.Trains and subway systems are little better. In Tokyo “pushers” are employed to squeeze commuters into carriages. In London and New York the underground systems are near capacity and unpleasant to ride. In Paris petty crime on the Metro (地铁) is widespread. In Soweto the trains are so crowded that commuters hang on the outside of the “back only” trains. The associated health hazards are rivaled by those caused by traffic accidents and the stress-related diseases created by the tension in all forms of commuting.The bigger the city, the larger the daily commuting public and the longer the distances traveled. Many commuters see neither their house nor their children in daylight for almost six months of the year. In a large city like London the average daily time spent commuting to and from work is almost two hours. As a working day is eight hours or less, this means that the average commuter really “works” in excess of a six day week. Cities which try to alleviate the lot of the commuter are those which are most worth living in, but it is a hard and uphill task to do anything constructive. Special “Kiss and Ride” metro stations surround Washington, but are as little used as the “Ride-On” buses. People appear to prefer the traffic jams on the Beltway (环形公路).Although most people dislike the unpleasant “dead time” of commuting, some people turn it to their advantage. J. M. Keynes wrote his General Theory en route from London to Cambridge, and there are classes in French, business studies, bridge and chess (among other topics) on commuter trains into the London main-line stations. Other people, especially those who can afford the comfort of first-class tickets, catch up on their reading, do the preparation for the day's work, use their computers or the train telephones, or listen to music. Others take the view that commuting should make you fit. They walk, run, cycle, row, sail, skate and skate-board into work.
Passage TwoQuestions 6to 10 are based on the following passage.Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to "think and concentrate". Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests.In the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well.The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details."As our tests became more complex," sums up Spilich, "non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins." He predicts, "Smokers might perform adequately at many jobs — until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity."
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