听力原文: Paul, a salesman from London, was driving past a sports car parked outside a supermarket, when he saw it start to roll slowly down the hill. Inside the car were two young girls on the passenger seat-- butt no driver. Patti stopped quickly ,jumped in front of the sports car and tried to stop it, pushing against the front t of the car. Another man who was standing nearby got into the car and put on the e handbrake, saving the girls from injury.
It was at this point that Patti noticed his own car rolling slowly down the hill and going too fast for him to stop it. It crashed into a bus at the bottom of the hill and was so badly damaged that it had to be pulled away to a garage.
As if this was not bad enough, Paul now found he had no one to blame. He was so busy chasing his car that he didn't get the name of the driver of the sports car, who just came out of the supermarket and drove away without realizing what had happened.
Which car was badly damaged?
A car outside the supermarket.
B. A ear at the bottom of the bill.
C. Paul's car.
D. The sports ear.
Part A
Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. "You're supposed to remember something, but you haven't encoded it deeply."
Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don't pay attention to what you did because you're involved in a conversation, you'll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe(衣柜). "Your memory itself isn't failing you," says Schacter. "Rather, you didn't give your memory system the information it needed."
Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago, "says Zelinski, "may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox "Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment. and memory relies on just that.
Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness, says Schacter. "But be sure the cue is clear and available, "he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication (药物) with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table--don't leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you're there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you'll likely remember.
Why does the author think that encoding properly is very important?
A. It helps us understand our memory system better.
B. It enables us to recall something from our memory.
C. It expands our memory capacity considerably.
D. It slows down tile process of losing our memory.