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What challenged the definition of literature as reading in the eighteenth century？
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Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage？
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.
听力原文： The U. S. Defense Department has always been proud of its power on land, at sea, and in the air. And now, it's increasing its attention to a fourth sector-space.
Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld announced plans this week for changes that would include adding a four-star general responsible for space programs. Wolf Blitzer has more. The organization known for guns, ships and planes may be getting into a more cosmic business. More than any other country, the United States relies on space for its security and well-being. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld is taking the Pentagon to another dimension, overhauling its space program, putting the Air Force at the helm, and appointing a four-star general to lead the way, elevating space, he says, to meet 21st century national security needs. Space issues are complex and merit a renewed focus. Senator Bob Smith, Republican, New Hampshire: There are nations out there who are hostile to us, and they are in space. They, they have such weapons as lasers, anti-satellite weapons, and electromagnetic pulse weapons, and we have to be ready to recognize that threat.
What's the reason why U.S. elevates the program according to Rumsfeld？
It all begins with engagement. Traditionally, a young man asks the father of his sweetheart for permission to marry her. If the father agrees, the man later proposes to her. Often he tries to surprise her by "popping the question" in a romantic way. Sometimes the couple just decides together that the time is right to get married. The man usually gives his fiancée a diamond ring as a symbol of their engagement. They may be engaged for weeks, months or even years. As the big day approaches, bridal showers and bachelor's parties provide many useful gifts. Today many couples also receive counseling during engagement. This prepares them for the challenges of married life.
At last it's time for the wedding. Although most weddings follow long-held traditions, there's still room for American individualism. For example, the usual place for a wedding is in a church. But some people get married outdoors in a scenic spot. A few even have the ceremony while sky-diving or riding on horseback! The couple may invite hundreds of people or just a few close friends. They choose their own style. of colors, decorations and music during the ceremony. But some things rarely change. The bride usually wears a beautiful, long white wedding dress. She traditionally wears "something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue". The groom wears a formal suit or tuxedo. Several close friends participate in the ceremony as attendants, including the best man and the maid of honor.
As the ceremony begins, the groom and his attendants stand with the minister, facing the audience. Music signals the entrance of the bride's attendants, followed by the beautiful bride. Nervously, the young couple repeats their vows. Traditionally, they promise to love each other "for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health". But sometimes the couple has composed their own vows. They give each other a gold ring to symbolize their marriage commitment. Finally the minister announces the big moment: "I now pronounce you man and wife. You may kiss your bride!"
At the wedding reception, the bride and groom greet their guests. Then they cut the wedding cake and feed each other a bite. Guests mingle while enjoying cake, punch and other treats. Later the bride throws her bouquet of flowers to a group of single girls. Tradition says that the one who catches the bouquet will be the next to marry. During the reception, playful friends "decorate" the couple's car with tissue paper, tin cans and a "Just Married" sign. When the reception is over, the newlyweds run to their "decorated" car and speed off. Many couples take a honeymoon, a one-to-two-week vacation trip, to celebrate their new marriage.
Almost every culture has rituals to signal a change in one's life. Marriage is one of the most basic life changes for people of all cultures. So it's no surprise to find many traditions about getting married...even in America. Yet each couple follows the traditions in a way that is uniquely their own.
The word "business" occurs twice in the first paragraph, what does the second "business" mean？
To show ______, the U.S. invites the Koizumi.
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