题目内容
Many families in the United States have a larger income now than ever before, but people are finding it difficult to make ends meet anyway. Almost everyone is wondering," What happens to all my money？ I never seem to have anything left to put away."
Why isn't dollar worth as much as it used to be？ One dollar is always worth the same amount, that is, 100 cents. But the value of a dollar is how much it can buy. The value of money depends on the cost of living. Economists say that the cost of living is the money that a family must pay for the necessities of life such as food, housing or rent, clothes, and medical expenses. For many years now, the cost of living has increased greatly, so the value of the dollar has decreased. When a dollar has a low value, you cannot buy as many things with it.
No one fully understands why the cost of living keeps increasing, but economists believe that workers and producers can make prices go up. As workers earn more money, they have more money to spend, so they demand more goods. If there is a great demand for certain goods, the prices of these goods go up. At the same time, if there's a shortage of goods, the prices also go up. For example, if everyone wants to buy more and more gas, the price of gas goes up. When companies withhold gas from buyers, they can also make the price of gas go up.
Families need to know what happens to their money. They need to make their income meet the cost of living, so many people plan a family budget (预算). A budget is a list of monthly expenses. If your expenses add up to more than your income, you must find ways to save money. Maybe you're spending too much on entertainment. Or if you're spending too much on clothes, you may want to sew your own clothes. Budgeting helps you spend your money wisely as the cost of living increases.
What has troubled many families in the United States？
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The cost of medical care in the United States is very high. The time and money that doctors spend on their medical education are probably one reason for this problem.
A visit to a doctor’s office costs from fifteen to fifty dollars. It is impossible to pay for the medical care they need. Many people in the United States think that doctors are overpaid. Most doctors, however, disagree. They say that they were required to study medicine for a long time. Tuition(学费)for many years of medical education costs a lot of money. Doctors say that it is necessary for most medical students to borrow money from a bank to pay their tuition. Because this money must be repaid to the bank, young doctors need a lot of money for their work. So, they charge people high prices for medical care. Therefore it is possible that the high cost of medical care in America is unnecessary. Because high tuition is one cause of high costs, one way to lower costs would be to have medical schools that are free or have low tuition.
Some people do not have their medical care they need because ______.
A greenhouse is a building made of glass which is used for keeping plants warm when the outside temperature is how. In a similar way there are several gases in the atmosphere which trap(捕捉) the heat produced by the sun and prevent it from escaping. These gases are known as" greenhouse gases", and the way in which they trap heat in the atmosphere is called the "greenhouse effect". This is not simply air pollution. Most of the main greenhouse gases exist naturally in small amounts in our atmosphere. And without them earth would be 30 degrees colder and human life would not exist. In other words, the greenhouse effect is a natural course which is to some degree helpful to us.
The problem is that in the last century and a half, we have been putting too many of these gases into the earth’s atmosphere by burning large quantities of coal and oil and by cutting down forests. The rapid increase in greenhouse gases is making the world warmer. Tile world's temperature has already gone up by half a degree this century, and the sea level has risen by 10 centimetres. If the amount of carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) in the atmosphere doubles, there will probably be a rise in the earth's temperature of between 1 and 4 degrees. This may seem a small increase, but it would be enough to cause major changes in geography and agriculture. Large areas of the world would be flooded, and some areas would become dry and unable to produce crops. It is important, too, to consider that there may be a delay of about 30 years in the greenhouse effect. This means that we're probably experiencing only now the effect of the gases put into the atmosphere before the 1960s. Since then, our use of these gases has greatly increased.
"Greenhouse effect" means ______.
The compass(罗盘) is a device that is absolutely necessary for the【56】of ships and airplanes. Hikers often need a compass, too. Anyone who does not use 【57】roads should have a compass.
A compass will always 【58】to know your direction. If you have a map【59】land marks such as roads, mountains, rivers, and lakes, you can immediately find out where you are. The compass 【60】you to place your map in an 【61】position according to the directions. You can then 【62】 where you are with points on the map.
The Chinese were the first people 【63】 the magnet(磁铁)【64】a compass. They first used compasses to 【65】their ships between the years 100 B. C. and A.D. 100. their compasses were simple and 【66】devices.【67】The magnetic iron into their compass, these early seamen placed the magnet on a cork or a piece of straw. They then put the iron-cork system in a bowl of water, the【68】magnet turned easily, aligning(排成列) itself with the directions north and【69】.
Later the Chinese invention was put together【70】a Babylonian invention, the degree. Then the compass became 【71】. Compasses 【72】well on wooden ships.【73】, when metal ships appeared in the 1800s, the simple magnetic compass was【74】. the metal in the ship【75】the magnet. Modem ships now use the gyrocompass and the radio compass for navigation.
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