题目内容
Urgent research into the ecological balances of sea life and how they are affected by pollution is needed. As scientific knowledge stands now, we do not know how much damage the oceans can endure.
The oceans contain enormous resources of energy, food, and raw materials. Judiciously exploited, these resources can make a significant difference to man's survival and the quality of his life in an overpopulated world. Some operational framework for safeguarding the interests of all nations must clearly be formulated to prevent those nations, who possess the technology and can afford the research and exploitation, from obtaining the wealth for themselves.
To try to institute a system of government for the oceans is fraught with obvious difficulties. Failure to come to an agreement would undermine confidence in the viability of international action to bring about peaceful political and economic relations in other spheres. On the other hand, if agreement at a future conference could be realized only by abandoning the principle of internationalism embodied in the concept of the oceans as the common heritage of mankind, this would be the greater failure.
Internationalism in this context need not aim at supernational administration and safekeeping of the oceans; what is needed, rather, is the formulation and acceptance of guidelines to ensure that the oceans benefit the greatest number of nations. This would require nations with immediate economic and political stakes in the oceans and the power to enforce their self-interest to hold off that very power and to weigh se]f-interest against the long-term interest of the concert of nations.
One of the most pressing problems regarding the sea is its conservation because of ______.
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According to E. G. Boring, "intelligence is what the tests test." This remark suggests that ______.
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
The period of adolescence, i.e. , the period between childhood and adulthood, may be long or short, depending on social expectations and on society's definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. In primitive societies adolescence is frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial societies with patterns of prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second decade of one's life. Furthermore, the length of the adolescent period and the definition of adulthood status may change in a given society as social and economic conditions change. Examples of this type of change are the disappearance of the frontier in the latter part of the 19th century in the United States, and more universally, the industrialization of an agricultural society.
In modern society, ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance and there no longer is agreement as to what constitutes initiation ceremonies. Social ones have been replaced by a sequence of steps that lead to increased recognition and social status. For example, grade school graduation, high school graduation and college graduation constitute such a sequence, and while each step implies certain behavioral changes and social recognition, the significance of each depends on the socio-economic status and the educational ambition of the individual. Ceremonies for adolescence have also been replaced by legal definitions of status roles, rights, privileges and responsibilities. It is during the nine years from the twelfth birthday to the twenty-first that the protective and restrictive aspects of childhood and minor status are removed and adult privileges and responsibilities are granted. The twelve-year-old is no longer considered a child and has to pay full fare for train, airplane, theater and movie tickets. Basically, the individual at this age loses childhood privileges without gaining significant adult rights. At the age of sixteen the adolescent is granted certain adult rights which increases his social status by providing him with more freedom and choices. He now can obtain a driver's license; he can leave public schools; and he can work without the restrictions of child labor laws. At the age of eighteen the law provides adult responsibilities as well as rights; the young man can now be a soldier, but he also can marry without parental permission. At the age of twenty-one the individual obtains his full legal rights as an adult. He now can vote, he can buy liquor, he can enter into financial contracts, and he is entitled to run for public office. No additional basic rights are acquired as a function of age 'alter majority status has been attained. None of these legal provisions determine at what point adulthood has been reached but they do point to the prolonged period of adolescence.
The period of adolescence is much longer in industrial societies because ______.
【34】
听力原文：M: Hi, mum!
W: Ah, there you are, I was getting worried about you. It's late.
M: Yes. I bumped into Lyn and went to the pub for a drink. She was telling me about a funny thing that had happened to her yesterday.
W: Oh, what was that？
M: Well, she was driving home from work when suddenly she saw an old lady on her hands and knees in the middle of the road.
W: Oh, her hands and knees in the middle of the road？
M: Yes, in front of her car. She was so shocked that she stopped without warning, and the car behind crashed into hers.
W: Oh! Was she hurt？
M: No, she wasn't, fortunately.
W: And what was the old lady doing on her hands and knees？
M: I'm just coming to that -- so Lyn got out of her car. Then the old lady picked up something, and walked away without saying a word.
W: Well. I never! She was lucky, Lyn didn't run her over.
M: Well, yes. Then a policeman came but he didn't believe the story.
W: Oh？
M: Luckily there was a witness, a man waiting for the bus. He saw it all. Guess what the old lady was doing？
W: I haven't the faintest idea.
M: She was looking for a false tooth.
W: A false tooth？
M: Yes, it fell out as she was crossing the road. The witness heard her mumbling, "Oh, my gold tooth."
W: I don't believe it.
M: It's true. Ask Lyn.
Why was the old lady on her hands and knees in the middle of the road？
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