公共英语 - 五级

单选题

Studying in an English-speaking country is a very effective way to learn English.

A. Right
B. Wrong

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单选题

The success of chain schools is to some extent because of their marketing and advertising.

A. Right
B. Wrong

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不定项选择题

Which of the following is true according to the text？

Ashanthi needs to receive gene-therapy treatment constantly.
B. Despite the huge funding, gene researches have shown few promises.
C. Therapeutic genes are carried by harmless viruses.
D. Gene-doping is encouraged by world agencies to help athletes get better scores.

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单选题

听力原文： In the field of marketing，consumer goods are classed according to the way in which they are purchased．The two main categories are convenience goods and shopping goods．Two lesser types are specialty goods and unsought goods． People do not spend much time shopping for convenience items such as groceries，newspapers，toothpaste，razor blades，aspirin，and candy．The buying of convenience goods may be done routinely，as some families buy groceries once a week．Such regularly purchased items are called staples．Sometimes convenience products are bought on impulse，for example，someone has a sudden desire for an ice cream sundae on a hot day．Or they may be purchased as emergency items． Shopping goods are items for which customers search．They compare prices，quality，and styles，and may visit a number of stores before making decisions．Buying an automobile is often done this way． Shopping goods fall into two classes：those that are perceived as basically the same and those that are regarded as different．Items that are looked upon as basically the same include such things as home appliances，television sets，and automobiles．Having decided on the model desired，the customer is primarily interested in getting the item at the most favorable price．Items regarded as inherently different include clothing，furniture，and dishes．Quality，style. and fashion will either take precedence over price，or they will not matter at all． Specialty goods have characteristics that impel customers to make special efforts to find them．Price may be no consideration at all. Specialty goods can include almost any kind of product．Normally，specialty goods have a brand name or other distinguishing characteristics． Unsought goods are items a consumer does not necessarily want or need or may not even know about．Promotion or advertising brings such goods to the consumer's attention．The product could be something new on the market or it may be a fairly standard service．such as life insurance．for which most people will usually not bother shopping． According to the speaker，what are convenience goods？

A. Commodities that people are in constant need of．
B. Goods that are convenient to use or purchase．
C. Items that people tend to buy under impulse．
D. Items that have to be bought once a week．

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单选题

what does he like about his job？

A. Money．
B. Freedom．
C. Knowing different people．
D. Traveling a lot．

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不定项选择题

Part C Directions: Answer questions 71-80 by referring to the following games. Note: Answer each question by choosing A, B or C and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1. Some choices may be required more than once. Answer questions 71～80 by referring to the following games. Note：Answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. Some choices maybe required more than once. A=Hydro power B=Nuclear power C=Solar power D=Wind power Which power(power's)… A Hydro power Introduction We have used running water as an energy source for thousands of years, mainly to grind com. The first house in the world to be lit by hydroelectricity was Cragside House, in Northumberland, England, in 1878. In 1882 on the Fox River, in the USA, hydroelectricity produced enough power to light two paper mills and a house. Nowadays there are many hydro-electric power stations, providing around 20% of the world's electricity. The name comes from“hydro”, the Greek word for water. How it works A dam is built to trap water, usually in a valley where there is an existing lake. Water is allowed to flow through tunnels in the dam, to turn turbines and thus drive generators. Advantages Once the dam is built, the energy is virtually free. No waste or pollution produced. Much more reliable than wind, solar or wave power. Water can be stored above the dam ready to cope with peaks in demand. Hydro-electric power stations can increase to full power very quickly, unlike other power stations. Disadvantages The dams are very expensive to build. Building a large dam will flood a very large area upstream, causing problems for animals that used to live there. Finding a suitable site can be difficult--the impact on residents and the environment may be unacceptable. Water quality and quantity downstream can be affected, which can have an impact on plant life. Is it renewable？ Hydro-electric power is renewable. The Sun provides the water by evaporation from the sea, and will keep on doing so. B Nuclear power Introduction Nuclear power is generated using Uranium, which is a metal mined in various parts of the world. The first large-scale nuclear power station opened at Calder Hall in Cambria, England, in 1956. Some military ships and submarines have nuclear power plants for engines. How it works Nuclear power stations work in pretty much the same way as fossil fuel-burning stations, except that a“chain reaction”inside a nuclear reactor makes the heat instead. The reactor uses Uranium rods as fuel, and the heat is generated by nuclear fission. Neutrons smash into the nucleus of the uranium atoms, which split roughly in half and release energy in the form. of heat. Carbon dioxide gas is pumped through the reactor to take the heat away, and the hot gas then heats water to make steam. Advantages Nuclear power costs about the same as coal, so it's not expensive to make. Does not produce smoke or carbon dioxide, so it does not contribute to the greenhouse effect. Produces huge amounts of energy from small amounts of fuel. Produces small amounts of waste. Disadvantages Although not much waste is produced, it is very, very dangerous. It must be sealed up and buried for many years to allow the radioactivity to die away. Nuclear power is reliable, but a lot of money has to be spent on safety. Is it renewable？ Nuclear energy from

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单选题

Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 听力原文：W：Do you enjoy your work？ Do you enjoy meeting people？ M：Yes．Sometimes．I've got to be honest．Sometimes． W：So，some people you like and some you don't？ M：Yeah，it’s like a lot of things，meeting the general public．You get good days，and you get bad days．But I do enjoy the job．I like the freedom of the job，being self-employed． W：Do you ever get difficult passengers？ M：Yes，sometimes． W：What sort of things do they get up to？ M：I would say sometimes a lot of difficult passengers are people who don't go in cabs a lot and they're unfamiliar with procedures．especially if you work nights．People drinking or the extras that would be included on the tariff after a certain time of night． W：You mean they argue with you over money？ M：Yes，that can happen．Or the way…the good thing is，people can argue about the way that you go on a certain route because they always know better．But nine times out of ten the route that they take you on is far longer so，you know，they're the eventual losers． W：So if you do have a difficult passenger you want to get rid of．what do you do？ M：I'd stop the cab and tell them to get out． W：Does that often happen？ M：Mmm，it's happened to me three times．And they've got out．So I，I myself haven't had a lot of problems with difficult people，you know． W：When you pick up tourists as passengers，what kind of places do they like to go to？ M：I suppose the most famous landmark is Buckingham Palace．the Tower of London，maybe Harrods；but certainly Buckingham Palace． What does the man do？

A taxi-driver．
B. A bus driver．
C. A policeman．
D. A tourist guide．

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单选题

Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 听力原文： Hello，everyone．Today I will introduce you the learning chains in Britain．Here the chains refer to schools linked together as part of a group．They can offer students many practical advantages． When people are asked to name a language school，more often than not．they think of one of the large international chains of schools．Some are vast language teaching organizations with schools in many different countries and may teach just one language． One of the main strengths of these chains is the fact that their name is familiar to people all over the world．This can be a big advantage in the confusing world of language learning．Most students are bewildered by the large choice of schools and courses on offer．both at home and abroad．and so many prefer to choose a school which has a familiar name and an established reputation．Chain schools know this，and part of their success is due to effective marketing and advertising，which helps to keep their name well-known． But chain schools should not be dismissed by serious students just because they use clever marketing techniques．They have other important strengthens which can provide advantages to students．A school is only as good as its teachers and facilities，and many chains offer very high standards in both．More chains require that their teachers have internationally recognized qualifications and a maximum amount of teaching experience．It is important for chains to maintain these standards at all schools．because the reputation of the whole chain can be affected if one school performs badly． Students also benefit from the standardized structure of chains．Most chains use the same text books in all their schools．and often they produce their own coursework materials．They also organize their courses in the same way which means that starting dates and course lengths are usually the same at all schools． For students, one of the main advantages of this standardized structure is simplicity．If you cannot decide whether to study in the U.S. or Britain．for example，most chains allow students to start their language course at one school and continue at another，so they can experience different regions or different countries，as part of the same study trip． Chain schools tend to be larger than single center schools，which can also have advantages for students．With larger numbers of students．school administrators can achieve a better mixture of nationalities in classrooms．This means that students can avoid being with other students who speak their language．This gives them the chance to meet students from other countries，and to practice their English with them． Some chains offer students a very simple booking and enrolment procedure which is also useful．Application forms and enrolment procedures are the same for all schools，so students need only supply their details once． Students may find that they can book their course abroad through a representative of a chain school in their own town or city．Other chains offer a centralized booking facility，so students only have to contact one center to make a booking anywhere in the world． Chain schools often operate in different locations，whereas a single school is likely to be based permanently in one building．Many chain schools operate temporary schools，particularly during the summer holidays．In Britain，they often use secondary school premises which are empty during the school holidays． Studying English in an English-speaking country is the most effective way to learn the language，but for many students this is only one stage of their learning career．Most students start learning English in their own country and they will probably want to continue learning once they return from

A. Right
B. Wrong

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单选题

Chains don't produce their own course book material.

A. Right
B. Wrong

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不定项选择题

At 18, Ashanthi DeSilva of suburban Cleveland is a living symbol of one of the great intellectual achievements of the 20th century. Born with an extremely rare and usually fatal disorder that left her without a functioning immune system (the "bubble-boy disease", named after an earlier victim who was kept alive for years in a sterile plastic tent), she was treated beginning in 1990 with a revolutionary new therapy that sought to correct the defect at its very source, in the genes of her white blood cells. It worked. Although her last gene-therapy treatment was in 1992, she is completely healthy with normal immune function, according to one of the doctors who treated her, W. French Anderson of the University of Southern California. Researchers have long dreamed of treating diseases from hemophilia to cancer by replacing mutant genes with normal ones. And the dreaming may continue for decades more. "There will be a gene-based treatment for essentially every disease," Anderson says, "within 50 years. " It's not entirely clear why medicine has been so slow to build on Anderson' s early success. The National Institutes of Health budget office estimates it will spend $ 432 million on gene-therapy research in 2005, and there is no shortage of promising leads. The therapeutic genes are usually delivered through viruses that don' t cause human disease. "The virus is sort of like a Trojan horse," says Ronald Crystal of New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical College. "The cargo is the gene. " At the University of Pennsylvania's Abramson Cancer Center, immunologist Carl June recently treated HIV pa tients with a gene intended to help their cells resist the infection. At Cornell University, researchers are pursuing gene-based therapies for Parkinson's disease and a rare hereditary disorder that destroys children' s brain cells. At Stanford University and the Children' s Hospital of Philadelphia, researchers are trying to figure out how to help patients with hemophilia who today must inject themselves with expensive clotting drugs for life. Animal experiments have shown great promise. But somehow, things get lost in the translation from laboratory to patient. In human trials of the hemophilia treatment, patients show a response at first, but it fades over time. And the field has still not recovered from the setback it suffered in 1999, when Jesse Gelsinger, an 18-year-old with a rare metabolic disorder, died after receiving an experimental gene therapy at the University of Pennsylvania. Some experts worry that the field will be tarnished further if the next people to benefit are not patients but athletes seeking an edge. This summer, researchers at the Salk Institute in San Diego said they had created a "marathon mouse" by implanting a gene that enhances running ability; already, officials at the World Anti-Doping Agency are preparing to test athletes for signs of "gene doping". But the principle is the same, whether you're trying to help a healthy runner run faster or allow a muscular-dystro-phy patient to walk. "Everybody recognizes that gene therapy is a very good idea," says Crystal. "And eventually it's going to work. " The case of Ashanthi Desilva is mentioned in the text to

A. show the promise of gene-therapy
B. give an example of modem treatment for fatal diseases
C. introduce the achievement of Anderson and his team
D. explain how gene-based treatment works

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