MatchingPreparing for College: Insights from My Freshman Year[A] If you’re a young person who will be transitioning from high school to college soon, you’re probably wondering what to expect and how to prepare for this new chapter of your life. I recently finished my first year of college and it wasn’t what I expected, but at the same time it was everything that I expected.[B] I am a student at Christopher Newport University in Newport News, Virginia, which is a small school of around 5,000 students. Staff and students are very friendly, everyone holds the door for you, and professors actually know your name! When it came time to decide on a college, I picked CNU because it is a small school, which means that I am not just another face in class, or another paper to grade. My professors and classmates know me. I also chose CNU because it is close enough to my family but not too close, so I can be independent but still go home for a weekend or a holiday. Plus, the campus is gorgeous! After one year of college, I’m happy to say CNU has become my home away from home.[C] When I first started college, I was extremely nervous. Although I knew I had picked the right school, it was still nerve-racking going through drastic changes in such a short amount of time. Something made me less nervous though — it was knowing that every freshman felt the same way! The people that I was surrounded by were going through the same changes that I was, so there was less pressure on me to act like I wasn’t anxious.[D] My college class work was actually a lot easier than I thought it was going to be in the sense that I got a lot more help than I anticipated. Most of my assignments involved writing papers. My professors offered to read over our drafts, critique them, and talk it over so we understood what they wanted. Teaching styles are completely different in college. In high school, I was used to getting homework from every teacher, every night, so if I failed a test, the homework grades would keep me from failing. This wasn’t the case in my college classes. Some professors only gave me tests while other teachers gave me thousands of assignments. That being said, college class work is not like high school. Busy work is rare, or perhaps even non-existent. College is meant to make you think, explore, and come up with new ideas. That is how people learn, and what I personally prefer.[E] In addition to taking college classes, I also had a job during my first year. Across the street from campus, there is a Rita’s Italian Ice store. My good friend was already working there and told me that the owner was holding a job fair in the next week. I contacted the owner, because unfortunately I couldn’t make it to the fair, but he allowed me to turn in my application and have an interview. Within a week I was hired.[F] Working and being a student is difficult. Even though I had practice balancing a job and school work in high school (I worked as a lifeguard for a community center), the experience was different in college. I had to learn to manage my time differently because my class schedules and the amount of time I needed to set aside for assignments for each class differed greatly from what it was like in high school. Luckily, I only worked 2 to 4 nights a week, and each shift was only 2 to 3 hours long, which is a perfect amount of work for a student like me who just wants to earn some extra cash.[G] Based on my freshman experience, I have some tips for those who are preparing to start their freshman year this Fall: .Get out of your comfort zone — I know it is hard (I am definitely an introvert (个性内向者) and I like to keep to myself), but college is about experiencing things that you never have, and that you may not have the opportunity to again. Do something you would never think you would do in a million years! You might just find a new hobby or a new career path.Go to campus events — There are so many fun things on campus to do that cost little to no money! Sports games, club events, concerts — they are all a good time to relax, hang out with friends, and have fun!Get help from professors — If you have a question and don’t want to ask it in front of the class, go to your professor after class, before class, or during his office hours. Professors are there to help you; use them as a resource to get assistance.Get multiple people to read your papers — It gives you a better chance of catching mistakes and getting a good grade!Watch your schedule — Even though it is very easy to go to every campus activity and hang out with your friends all day, remember that you are mainly at college to learn. Go to class, get some sleep, and study too. You can find helpful tips on time management and study skills online.Call home often — I don’t necessarily mean every day, but once a week or once every other week is good. Contacting your family will ease your mind and make you feel more comfortable in the choices that you make.Volunteer somewhere — Volunteering gives people great experiences and great opportunities for personal growth. You may also find something that you really enjoy and you may find a different career path you want to pursue! Find out if your college has an office of student service or volunteering. You can also search for local volunteer opportunities online.Connect with Career Services — Most colleges have a Career Services Center that provides students with connections to employers in the community. Some of these opportunities include jobs off campus, job shadowing opportunities, and internships. The center also hosts career fairs and provides interview coaching and resume assistance. Don’t wait until your senior year to get connected with these services!Know your limits — I waited until my second semester to get a job, because I wanted to ease into college life and determine how much time I actually had for a job before committing to one. Also, remember how much sleep you need to function for the next day and know when it is time to stop hanging out with your friends and time for studying.[H] College is not like high school where your reputation follows you from year to year. Each year is different and each year you will change whether it’s because of a class you took, a friend you meet, or an event you went to once. College is all about finding yourself and experiencing change.Each of the following statements contains information given in one of the paragraphs of the passage above. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter in each blank.____ 1. The writer feels it is important for college students to engage in work where one can offer one’s services willingly and without pay.____ 2. The writer felt the workload of his part-time job was just right.____ 3. College life helps a student to identify himself and undergo changes.____ 4. When the writer first attended college, he felt comforted by the fact that like him, other new students also went through difficult times adjusting to college life.____ 5. An important reason the writer chose CNU was that students could get more personal attention in a small college.____ 6. The nature of assignments at college was different from those in high school as college work allowed more space for exploration and creativity.____ 7. The writer had a part-time job in his freshman year at a store not far from campus.____ 8. The writer developed a strong sense of attachment to the college he attended after a year’s study.____ 9. College life was very different, but was just what the writer was looking forward to.____ 10. A piece of advice given by the writer was that some personal changes need to be made to venture out to do things that one has never done.

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructedTasklDirections: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should make the correct choice and mark theccorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Particulate matter, or PM, is the term for particles found in the air, including dust, dirt, smoke, and liquid droplets. Particles can stay in the air for long periods of time. Some particles are large or dark enough to be seen as smoke. Others are so small that they can only be detected with an electron microscope.Many manmade and natural sources emit PM directly or emit other pollutants that react in the atmosphere to form PM. These solid and liquid particles come in a wide range of sizes.Particles less than 10 micrometers in diameter (PM 10) cause a health concern because they can go into and accumulate in the respiratory system (呼吸系统).Particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter (PM2.5) are referred to as "fine" particles and are believed to pose the greatest health risks. Because of their small size (about l/30th the average width of a human hair), fine particles can stay deeply into the lungs.Sources of fine particles include all kinds of burning activities such as motor vehicles, power plants, wood burning, etc. and certain industrial processes. Particles with diameters between 2.5 and 10 micrometers are referred to as "coarse (粗的)".Sources of coarse particles include crushing or grinding operations, and dust from roads. Other particles may be formed in the air from the chemical change of gases. They are indirectly formed when gases from burning fuels react with sunlight and water vapor. These can result from fuel burning in motor vehicles, at power plants, and in other industrial processes.36. What does PM 2.5 refer to?

A. Particulate matter found in the air.
B. Dust, dirt, smoke and liquid droplets around us.
C. Particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers in diameter.
D. Particles which are believed to cause the greater health risks

37.Which of the following does the greatest harm to human's health?

A. PM 10.
B. PM2.5.
C. Dust and dirt.
D. Smoke and liquid droplets.

38.What are sources of particulate matter?

All particles found in the air.
B. Various kinds of burning activities.
C. AH types of human activities.
D. Reaction of sunlight and water vapor.

39.Why is PM2.5 the most dangerous to human's health?

A. Because it is a kind of "fine" particle.
Because it is of very small size.
C. Because it is only one-thirtieth the average width of a human hair.
D. Because it can go into and stick to human's lungs.

40.How can we reduce the amount of PM2.5?

A. Use chemicals to clean the air.
B. Decrease all kinds of burnings..
C. Improve crushing or grinding operations.
D. Stop industrial processes

You may have heard some of the fashion industry horror stories: models eating tissues or cotton balls to hold off hunger, and models collapsing from hunger-induced heart attacks just seconds after they step off the runway.Excessively skinny models have been a point of controversy for decades, and two researchers say a model's body mass should be a workplace health and safety issue. In an editorial released Monday in the American Journal of Public Health, Katherine Record and Bryn Austin made their case for government regulation of the fashion industry.The average international runway model has a body mass index (BMI) under 16--low enough to indicate starvation by the World Health Organization's standard. And Record and Austin are worried not just about the models themselves, but about the vast number of girls and women their images influence."Especially girls and teens," says Record. "Seventy percent of girls aged 10 to 18 report that they define perfect body image based on what they see in magazines. " That's especially worrying, she says, given that anorexia (厌食症) results in more deaths than does any other mental illness, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.It's commonly known that certain diseases are linked with occupations like lung disease in coalminers. Professional fashion models are particularly vulnerable to eating disorders resulting from occupational demands to maintain extreme thinness.Record's suggestion is to prohibit agents from hiring models with a BMI below 18.In April, France passed a law setting lower limits for a model's weight. Agents and fashion houses who hire models with a BMI under 18 could pay $ 82,000 in fines and spend up to 6 months in jail. Regulating the fashion industry in the United States won't be easy, Record says. But with the new rules in France, U.S. support could make a difference. "A designer can't survive without participating in Paris Fashion Week", she says, adding," Our argument is that the same would be true of New York Fashion Week. "1. What do Record and Austin say about fashion models' body mass?A. It has caused needless controversy.B. It is but a matter of personal taste.C. It is the focus of the modeling business.D. It affects models' health and safety.2. What are Record and Austin advocating in the Monday editorial?A. A change in the public's view of female beauty.B. Government legislation about models' weight.C. Elimination of forced weight loss by models.D. Prohibition of models eating non-food stuff.3. Why are Record and Austin especially worried about the low body mass index of models?A. It contributes to many mental illnesses.B. It defines the future of the fashion industry.C. It has great influence on numerous girls and women.D. It keeps many otherwise qualified women off the runway.4. What do we learn about France's fashion industry?A. It has difficulty hiring models.B. It has now a new law to follow.C. It allows girls under 18 on the runway.D. It has overtaken that of the United States.5. What does Record expect of New York Fashion Week?A. It will create a completely new set of rules.B. It will do better than Paris Fashion Week.C. It will differ from Paris Fashion Week.D. It will have models with a higher BMI.

passage one"Sugar, alcohol and tobacco," economist Adam Smith once wrote," are commodities which are nowhere necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and which are, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation. "Two and a haft centuries on, most countries impose some sort of tax on alcohol and tobacco. With surging obesity levels putting increasing strain on public health systems, governments around the world have begun to toy with the idea of taxing sugar as well.Whether such taxes work is a matter of debate. A preliminary review of Mexico's taxation found a fall in purchases of taxed drinks as well as a rise in sales of untaxed and healthier drinks. By contrast, a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, amid claims that consumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper, fattier fare.The food industry has, in general, been firmly opposed to such direct government action. Nonetheless, the renewed focus on waistlines means that industry groups are under pressure to demonstrate their products are healthy as well as tasty.Over the past three decades, the industry has made some efforts to improve the quality of its offerings. For example, some drink manufacturers have cut the amount of sugar in their beverages.Many of the reductions over the past 30 years have been achieved either by reducing the amount of sugar, salt or fat in a product, or by finding an alternative ingredient. More recently, however, some companies have been investing money in a more ambitious undertaking: learning how to adjust the fundamental make-up of the food they sell. For example, having salt on the outside, but none on the inside, reduces the salt content without changing the taste.While reformulating recipes ( 配方) is one way to improve public health, it should be part of a multi-sided approach. The key is to remember that there is not just one solution. To deal with obesity, mixture of approaches--including reformulation, taxation and adjusting portion sizes--will be needed. There is no silver bullet.1. What did Adam Smith say about sugar, alcohol and .tobacco?A. They were profitable to manufacture.B. They were in ever-increasing demand.C. They were subject to taxation almost everywhere.D. They were no longer considered necessities of life.2. Why have many countries started to consider taxing sugar?A. They are under growing pressure to balance their national budgets.B. They find it ever harder to cope with sugar-induced health problems.C. The practice of taxing alcohol and tobacco has proved both popular and profitable.D. The sugar industry is overtaking alcohol and tobacco business in generating profits.3. What do we learn about Danish taxation on fat-rich foods?A. It did not work out as well as was expected.B. It gave rise to a lot of problems on the border.C. It could not succeed without German cooperation.D. It met with firm opposition from the food industry.4. What is the more recent effort by food companies to make foods and drinks both healthy and tasty?A. Replacing sugar or salt with alternative ingredients.B. Setting a limit on the amount of sugar or salt in their products.C. Investing in research to find ways to adapt to consumers' needs.D. Adjusting the physical composition of their products.5. What does the author mean by saying, at the end of the passage, "There is no silver bullet" ( Line 4, Para.7)?A. There is no single easy quick solution to the problem.B. There is no hope of success without public cooperation.C. There is no hurry in finding ways to solve the obesity problem.D. There is no effective way to reduce people's sugar consumption.

There are a few steps that you can take to ensure responsive reading:_______, ________ and make______.

What questions can you ask to help you identify literature gaps when you research a topic?1).What is the current ______ in research?2).What is the generally _____ view on this topic?3). What _______ remain to be answered?