Transportation use a to Be Much<br>Slower than It Is Now<br>For many years in tile desert, camels used to be the only form. of transportation. Before the(51)of modern trains, camel trains used to carry al! the goods for trading between Central Africa and Europe. Traders sometimes(52)to put together camel trains with 10,000 to 15,000 animals. Each animal often carried(53)400 pounds and it could travel twenty miles a day. This form. of transportation was so important(54)camels were called the "ship of the desert".<br>Now modern trains travel across the desert in a very(55)time. One engine can pull as much weight as 135,000(56),in addition, trains use special cars for their load. Refrigerator cars carry food; boxcars carry heavy goods; stock cars carry animals; and tank cars carry oil.<br>(57)travel has changed, too. The earliest planes were biplanes, with two sets of wings. The top speed of this plane was 60 miles per hour. The pilots used to sit or lie on the wings in the open air. The plane (58)sometimes stopped in the middle of a trip. It used to be(59) to fly in bad weather. In snow or in rain, the wings frequently became icy.(60)the plane might go down.<br>Mechanical improvements during the First World War changed airplanes. Monoplanes took the place of biplanes. Pilots flew inside of covered cabins. Still, even these planes were small and expensive. Only(61)people were able to travel in airplanes.<br>Now modern jets make air travel possible for all people.(62)place in the world is more than 1 hours away by jet. Further improvements have(63)the cost of flying, and they have made air travel much safer than it used to be. A modern 707 can carry 170 people and can fly at 600 miles per hour. People(64)used to eat, sleep, or watch movies on airplanes.(65) these things are a normal part of air travel!

A. age
B. series
C. year
D. period

Losing Weight<br>Girls as young as 10 years old are dieting and in danger of developing unhealthy attitudes about weight, body image and food, a group of Toronto researchers reported Tuesday.<br>Their study of 2,279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority had healthy weights, nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds. Even at the tender ages of 10, nearly 32 per cent of girls felt "too fat" and 31 per cent said they were trying to diet.<br>McVey, a researcher at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, and her colleagues analyzed dam collected in a number of surveys of southern Ontario school girls between 1993 and 2003, reporting their findings in Tuesday's issue of the Canadian Medical Association Journal.<br>Nearly 80 per cent of the girls had a healthy body weight and only 7.2 per cent were considered overweight using standard weight-to height ratios. Most researchers suggest the rate of overweight children in this country is several times higher than that figure.<br>Nearly 30 per cent of the girls reported they Were currently trying to lose weight, though few admitted to dangerous behavior. such as self-induced vomiting.<br>Still, a test that measured attitudes towards eating showed 10.5 per cent of survey Participants<br>were already at risk of developing an eating disorder.<br>"We're not talking about kids who've been prescribed a diet because they're above average weight or overweight. We're talking about children who are within a healthy weight range. And they have taken it upon themselves to diet to lose weight," McVey said, acknowledging she found the rates disturbing. She said striking a balance between healthy weights and healthy attitudes towards food and body image is a complex task, with no easy solutions.<br>overweight adj. 超重的，过重的<br>induce vt.引起，导致<br>prescribe vt.处方;开药;嘱咐<br>The study showed that most of the girls ______.

A. were overweight
B. were on a diet
C. had unhealthy attitudes about weight
D. had a healthy body weight

Technology Transfer in Germany{Page}<br>When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success, few nations can match Germany. Since the 1940s, the nation's vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science. And though German prosperity (繁荣) has faltered (衰退) over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline, it still has an enviable (令人羡慕的)record for turning ideas into profit.<br>Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought-after<br>technologies. But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition. Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up<br>all over. These efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies.<br>Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success, but it is not without its critics. These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science, eventually starving industry of fresh ideas. If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur (企业家), the argument goes, then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity-driven, free and widely available will suffer. Others claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years.<br>While this debate continues, new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany's research networks, which bear famous names such as Helmholtz, Max Planck and Leibniz. Yet it is the fourth network, the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the greatest role in technology transfer.<br>Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe's largest organisation for applied technology, and has 59 institutes employing 12, 000 people. It continues to grow.<br>Last year, it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin. Today, there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia.<br>第 36 题 What factor can be attributecl to German prosperity？

A. Technology transfer.
B. Good management.
C. Hard work.
D. Fierce competition.

The author predicts it will not____before a new technology is invented for music

The scientific evidence that has recently come to light is that

A. nomads engraved the bones and tusks of the animals they killed
B. nomads lived by hunting and fishing
C. nomads traveled widely in various parts of the World
D. the markings made by various nomadic groups all have a definite pattern

The nearest black holes are hundreds of light years away from us.

A great many food processors produce irritated foods.

A．likeB．loveC．protectD．cancel

A. like
B. love
C. protect
D. cancel

A．conveyedB．transformedC．convertedD．shifted

A. conveyed
B. transformed
C. converted
D. shifted

A．beforeB．firstC．aloneD．earlier

A. before
B. first
C. alone
D. earlier