_____ founded the Tudor Dynasty, a centralized monarchy of a totally new type, which met the needs of the rising bourgeoisie.

A. Henry V
B. Henry VII
C. Henry VIII
D. James I

The progress in industry at home stimulated the commercial expansion abroad. ____ encouraged exploration and travel, which were compatible with the interests of the English merchants.

A. Queen Mary
B. Henry VII
C. Henry VIII
D. Queen Elizabeth

Except being a victory of England over ____________, the rout of the fleet “Armada” (Invincible) was also the triumph of the rising young bourgeoisie over the declining old feudalism.

A. Spain
B. France
C. America
D. Norway

The Wars of the Roses between the House of _______ and the House of _______ struggling for the crown continued for 30 years.

The Hundred Years’ War is between __________ and ____________.

After _____________, the helpless, dispossessed peasants, being compelled to work at a low wage, became hired laborers for the merchants. These laborers were the fathers of modern English proletarian.