超星 - Test 7 - 查题吧

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Potentialapplicationsofnanotechnologyare:

A. biomedicalscience,medicine,drugdiscovery,toxicology,cleanenergy, human safety
B. information&communicationtechnology,defensescience&technology
C. astronautics,eletricalengineering,machineryengineering,metrology
D. architecture,environmentalscience& engineering,agriculture,AI,medicaldevices,etc.

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Potentialapplicationsofnanomedicineare:

A. targeteddrugdelivery
B. nanorobotics or nanorobots formedicaluse
C. biosensors,medicalmicrodevices,implants,prothetics
D. nanotherapeutics,genetherapy,biochips,fluidbiopsy,etc.

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Goal1declaredintheNationalNanotechnologyInitiative:StrategicPlan2016(US)aimsto:

A. 1.1.SupportR&Dthatextendsthefrontiersofnanotechnologyandstrengthenstheintersectionsofscientificdisciplines;1.2.Identifyandsupportnanoscalescienceandtechnologyresearchenabledbybreakthroughsinscience,drivenbynationalpriorities,andinformedbyactiveengagementwithstakeholders;
B. 1.3.AssesstheperformanceoftheU.S.nanotechnologyR&Dprogram;
C. 1.4.AdvanceadynamicportfolioofNanotechnologySignatureInitiatives(NSIs)thatareeachsupportedbymultipleNNIagenciesandaddresssignificantnationalpriorities;
D. 1.5.UtilizeNanotechnology-InspiredGrandChallengestoengagethebroadercommunitytosolveproblemsofnationalandglobalimportance.

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Goal3declaredintheNationalNanotechnologyInitiative:StrategicPlan2016(US)aimsto:

A. 3.1.Expandoutreachandinformaleducationprogramsinordertoinformthepublicabouttheopportunitiesandimpactsofnanotechnology;
B. 3.2.Establishandsustainprogramsthatassistindevelopingandmaintainingaskillednanotechnologyworkforce;
C. 3.3.Provide,facilitatethesharingof,andsustainthephysicalandcyberR&Dinfrastructure,notablyuserfacilitiesandcooperativeresearchcenters;
D. 3.4.PromotethestorageandsharingofdataandthedevelopmentanduseofinformaticstoolsfornanotechnologyR&D.

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Goal2declaredintheNationalNanotechnologyInitiative:StrategicPlan2016(US)aimsto:

A. 2.1.Assistthenanotechnology-basedbusinesscommunityinunderstandingtheFederalGovernment'sR&Dfundingandregulatoryenvironment;
B. 2.2.Increasefocusonnanotechnology-basedcommercializationandrelatedsupportforpublic–privatepartnerships;
C. 2.3.Promotebroaderaccessibilityandutilizationofuserfacilities,cooperativeresearchcenters,andregionalinitiativestoacceleratethetransferofnanoscalesciencefromlabtomarket;
D. 2.4.Engageininternationalactivitiesintegraltothedevelopmentandresponsiblecommercializationofnanotechnology-enabledproductsandprocesses.

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Goal4declaredintheNationalNanotechnologyInitiative:StrategicPlan2016(US)aimsto:

A. 4.1.Supportthecreationofacomprehensiveknowledgebaseforevaluationofthepotentialrisksandbenefitsofnanotechnologytotheenvironmentandtohumanhealthandsafety;
B. 4.2.Createandemploymeansfortimelydissemination,evaluation,andincorporationofrelevantenvironmental,health,andsafety(EHS)knowledgeandbestpractices;
C. 4.3.Developthenationalcapacitytoidentify,define,andresponsiblyaddressconceptsandchallengesspecifictotheethical,legal,andsocietalimplications(ELSI)ofnanotechnology;
D. 4.4.Incorporatesustainabilityintheresponsibledevelopmentofnanotechnology.

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Speculativenanotechnologyshouldcover:

A. molecularnanotechnologyinvolvingmanipulatingsinglemoleculesinfinelycontrolled,deterministicways
B. nanoroboticsornanorobotsthatcenteronself-sufficientmachinesofsomefunctionalityoperatingatthenanoscale
C. productivenanosystemsthatareabletoproduceatomicallyprecisepartsforothernanosystems,notnecessarilyusingnovelnanoscale-emergentproperties,butwell-understoodfundamentalsofmanufacturing
D. programmablemattersthatseektodesignmaterialswhosepropertiescanbeeasily,reversibly&externallycontrolledthoughafusionofinformationscience&materialsscience

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TheELSIaspectsofnanotechnologymainlyentail:

A. health&environmentalimpact
B. socialimpact
C. ethical&legalimpact
D. biosafety,biorisk,&biosecurity

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Possibleexposureroutesfornanoparticles, nanofibers & nanotubes tohumansare:

A. dermalcontact&thenabsorbedbytheskin
B. inhalationviatheair(breathingin)
C. ingestionviathefoodintake/diet
D. accidentalinjection

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Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttherelationshipsbetweenexposureroutesofnanoparticlesandtheirhealthrisksarecorrect?

A. Exposurestonanomaterialsmayoccurthroughinhalation,dermalcontact,accidentalinjection,&ingestion,theriskincreaseswithdurationofexposure&theconcentrationsofnanoparticlesinthesampleorair.
B. Inhalationpresentsthelowestexposurehazard.
C. Nanomaterialssuspendedinasolutionorslurryposealesserhazard,however,sonication,shaking,stirring,pouring,orsprayingcanresultininhalationexposure.
D. Nanoparticlesthatarefixedwithinamatrixposetheleasthazardaslongasnomechanicaldisruption,suchasgrinding,cutting,orburning,occurs.

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