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[音频]When you look up at the night sky, (1)? There are other heavenly bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most (2)of these is a comet (彗星).Comets were formed around the same time the Earth was formed. They are made up of ice and other frozen (3). Now and then these "dirty snowballs" begin to orbit the sun, just as the planets do.As a comet gets closer to the sun, some gases in it begin to unfreeze. They (4)dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun, a solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet, thus (5). The tail and the generally fuzzy (模糊的) (6)around a comet are characteristics that can help identify (7)in the night sky.In any given year, about a dozen known comets (8)the sun in their orbits. The average person can't see them all, of course. Usually there is only one or two (9)bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. Comet Hale-Bopp, discovered in 1995, was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit brought it relatively close to the Earth, within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a long way on its earthly visit. It won't be back for another four (10)or so.
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[音频]There was a time when any personal information that was (1)about us was typed on a piece of paper and locked away in a file cabinet. It could remain there for (2)and, often forgotten, never reach the outside world.Things have done a complete about-face since then. (3)for the change has been the astonishingly swift development in (4)of the computer. Today, any data that is collected about us in one place or another — and for one reason or another — can be stored in a (5). It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. They are owned by individuals and by private businesses and (6), lending institutions, direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and government agencies at the local, state, and federal level.A growing number of Americans are seeing the (7)and distribution of computerized data as a frightening invasion of their privacy. Surveys show that the number of worried Americans has been steadily growing (8)as the computer becomes increasingly efficient, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain. In 1970, a national survey showed that 37 percent of the people questioned felt their privacy was being (9). (10)later, 47 percent expressed the same worry. A recent survey by a credit bureau revealed that the number of alarmed citizens had soared up to 76 percent.
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[音频]Almost every child, on the first day he (1)in a school building, is smarter, more curious, less afraid of what he (2), better at finding and figuring things out, more confident, resourceful, (3)and independent than he will ever be again in his schooling or, unless he is very unusual and very lucky, for the rest of his life.Already, by paying close attention to and interacting with the world and people (4), and without any school-type formal instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, (5)and abstract than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done (6).He has (7)the mystery of language.He has (8)it-babies don't even know that language exists-and he has found out how it works and learnt to use it appropriate.He has done it by exploring, by (9), by developing his own model of the grammar of language, by trying it out and seeing whether it works by gradually changing it and refining it until it does work.And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, including many of the (10)that the schools think only they can teach him, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.
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