题目内容
SECTION B PASSAGES
Directions: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
听力原文： In all history, when men have had free time they have turned to a hobby for pleasure. The cavemen were our first known creative hobbyists. In the free time after the hunting and fighting necessary to keep them alive, some turned to drawing. From the dawn of history to the present day men have left records of the fun they have had "riding a hobby".
George Washington was one of the first busy hobbyists in American history. As a youngster he was interested in mathematics. This interest led to his early years as a surveyor. His early agricultural experiments added to his success as a farmer. He found time to design furniture that added beauty to his home at Mount Vernon. His study of evening skies with a primitive telescope increased his knowledge of his own world. He also made a collection of varieties of tea.
Today hobbies are more important than ever. We have more leisure than we have ever had in the past. The shorter workweek and the fact that we will live longer than our parents and grandparents give us this new leisure. Throughout our lives each of us will have thousands of free hours after studying and working. Interesting hobbies can be the best answer to the question of how to use these hours.
One of the hobbies we know the cavemen had was______.
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Number one is to have clear goals. Decide how many years you will invest for, and what your needs will be in the future.
Number two is to understand the range of possibilities. You'll want a diversified portfolio: one with a mix of stocks, mutual funds, bonds and cash. It's a jungle out there. Each of these products has different risks associated with them and also different potential rewards. Understand them before you buy, so there won't be any big surprises later.
Finally, number three is to have realistic expectations. As our friend Leonardo da Vinci said in the year 1500 :"He who wishes to be rich in a day will be hanged in a year."
Over the past several years, New York stocks have averaged 30% annual returns, but don't count on this continuing. While it's true that since the year 1900, stocks have averaged an 11% annual return, it's a roller-coaster ride with many minus years as well, so you have to stay in for the long term you have to weather the storm and not be too greedy.
Well, let's get started and Happy hunting! For FNN, this is George Boros reporting.
What is the first guideline to investing according to the speaker？
______
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS
Directions: In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
听力原文：M: Do you want to go to the movies with us on Saturday？
W: Thanks, but I have to study my research project. I'm taking that same anthropology course you took with Prof. Gray.
M: The one on ethnographic interviewing？ Oh, good! I'm sure you'll get a lot of it. W: I have to admit the word "ethnography" scared me a little at first. It seems so technical. But then when she explained that it's what anthropologists do, you know, how they investigate and record aspects of a culture, it didn't seem so intimidating!
M: Yeah, it's all part of the field work anthropologists conduct and it's good to start doing that now before you become a graduate student and have to conduct large projects yourself. Who are you going to interview？
W: You know the publishing office where I used to work？ Vivian, the woman I worked for, she's been a manager there for over 30 years and seen a lot of changes in the industry. I thought I'd start out by interviewing her about how the people in the office interact with each other and with outside clients.
M: I think the best part of that course is that it shows you that ethnographic research can also be done on a familiar ground.
W: Yeah. I got the idea from reading Robert Marshal's studying of office life and I realized I already had some background in that. So far, I'm really enjoying this course.
What is the conversation mainly about？
A common assumption about the private sector of education is that it caters only to the elite. 【C1】______ , recent research points in the opposite direction. If we want to help some of most【C2】______ group in society, then encouraging deeper private sector【C3】______ is likely to be the best way forward.
Several developments are【C4】______ in India, all of which involve the private education sector meeting the needs of the poor in distinct ways. But India is not【C5】______ in this respect—similar phenomena are happening all over the developing world.
As a point of【C6】______ how do government schools serve the poor？ Usefully, the government sponsored Public Report on Basic Education in India from 1999 paints a very【C7】______ picture of the "【C8】______ "of the government schools for the poor. When researchers【C9】______ unannounced on their random【C10】______ of the schools, only 53% had any "teaching activity" going on. Alarmingly, the team noted that the【C11】______ of teaching standards has nothing to do【C12】______ disempowered teachers, but instead could be【C13】______ "plain negligence". They noted "several cases of irresponsible teachers keeping a school closed for months at a time".
But is there any【C14】______ to these schools？ Surely no one else can do better than government【C15】______ the resources available？ As it happens, the Report pointed to private schools that were serving the poor and【C16】______ that such problems were not found in these schools. Most parents believed that private schools were successful【C17】______ they were more accountable: "the teachers are accountable to the manager who can fire them, and,【C18】______ him or her, to the parents who can【C19】______ their children." Such accountability was not present in the government schools, and "this contrast is【C20】______ with crystal clarity by vast majority of parents.
【C1】
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