According to Geert Hofstede's study, which of the following cultural dimensions would be characterized by a greater readiness to take risks and less emotional resistance to change?
A. High power distance cultures
B. Low uncertainty avoidance
C. High collectivism
D. Low power distance cultures
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The _____ instrument is designed to address the notion that a leader's effectiveness is contextual. It is embedded in the societal and organizational norms, values, and beliefs of the people being led.
A. GLOBE
B. WVS
C. IND
D. CVS
The _____ refers to the extent to which a culture programs its citizens to accept delayed gratification of their material, social, and emotional needs.
A. long-term versus short-term orientation dimension
B. indulgence versus restraint dimension
C. uncertainty avoidance
D. power distance dimension
Hofstede's dimension of Confucian dynamism:
A. captures attitudes toward time, persistence, ordering by status, protection of face, respect for tradition, and reciprocation of gifts and favors.
B. focuses on how a society deals with the fact that people are unequal in physical and intellectual capabilities.
C. explores the relationship between the individual and his/her fellows
D. looks at the relationship between gender and the ability to accept ambiguous situations
Which of the following is an example of ethnocentrism?
A manager in India looks down upon his subordinates because they are from a lower caste, compared to him.
B. An upper-middle-class woman talks rudely to a sales person, because she looks down upon individuals belonging to the working-class.
C. An American manager criticizes the cultural practices of Saudi Arabia, when he is sent there on business, because it differs from his own cultural norms.
D. A French business owner, who plans to expand his market to China, conducts a detailed cultural study of China to customize his marketing campaign.
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