Economics can render service in the area of exchange, but its tools find less
purpose when applied to paradigms dominated by alternative models of
transactions and social relationships. In small groups gift-giving is substituted
Line for the role of exchange, which entails obligation: people receiving gifts are
(5) expected to reciprocate in the future and this reciprocity binds small groups
together, whereas exchange rarely does so. Two people exchange only when
both benefit, neither incurring a social obligation as a result, and where social
obligations exist, exchange may not work well. Exchange nevertheless allows
for extremely complex interactions among strangers: when employing a
(10) product, a consumer benefits from the efforts of hundreds of anonymous people
who have contributed to that commodity. Such analysis also has its limits in the
case of an area such as government, for economics seeks regularities in social
life, which are more likely to occur when no one individual has an appreciable
effect on the group.
Which of the following might serve as the most appropriate title for the passage?
A. Small Groups and Governments, A Comparison of Two Economic Methods
B. Social Obligation and the Consumer: A Case Study
C. Regular vs. Irregular Systems in Economics
D. The Comparative Strength of Economics in Various Areas
E. The Triumph of Analysis in Economic Theory
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According to the passage, which of the following is true concerning the ability to create
A. The ability stems from the anatomical center of human's visual brain, whose location has yet to be identified.
B. The ability steadily develops in humans with the gradual acquisition of knowledge.
C. The ability is best categorized as an innate, and therefore unlearned, ability that is rarely improved on over time.
D. The ability to create abstractions is predicated on an enslavement to the particulars of those abstractions.
E. The ability most likely has developed as a response to the limitations of the human memory.
SECTION 1
Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.
Hardly convincing was his______near the end of the play, where the swordplay, though scripted, took on a thoroughly amateurish aspect.
A. ploy
B. feint
C. ad-lib
D. error
E. flourish
Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. ff you do not, you will be fined up to £ 50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the driver's responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.
However, when you're reversing your car, you do not have to wear a seat belt; or when you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember that you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove that you have been excused from wearing it.
How many people in the front of the vehicles are killed or seriously injured every year?
A. 30000.
B. 60000.
C. Approximately 30 000.
D. Above 30 000.
The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances. The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by "light dues" levied (征收) on ships, the original beacon was blown up in 1776. Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies. Little over a century later, there were 700 lighthouses.
The first eight lanterns erected on the West Coast in the 1850's featured the same basic New England design: a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by. In New England and elsewhere, though, lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles. Since most stations in the Northeast were 'set up on rocky eminences (高处), enormous towers were not the rule. Some of them were made of stone and brick, others of wood or metal. Some of them stood on pilings or stilts; others were fastened to rock with iron rods. Farther south, from Maryland through the Florida Keys, the coast is low and sandy. It was often necessary to build tall towers there--massive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, which was lit in 1870. At 190 feet, it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Notwithstanding differences in construction appearence, most lighthouses in America shared several features: a light, living quarters, and sometimes a bell (or later a foghorn). They also had quarters, and something else in common: a keeper and usually the keeper's family. The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick (灯芯) in order to maintain a steady, bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every industry--they were seamen, farmers, mechanics, rough mill hands--and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums. After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board, and agency of the Treasury Department, the keeper corps gradually became highly professional.=
Which is the best title for the passage?
A. The Lighthouse on Little Brewster Island.
B. The Life of a Lighthouse Keeper.
C. Early Lighthouses in the United States.
D. The Modern Profession of Lighthouse-Keeping.