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列宁对辩证唯物主义物质范畴的定义是通过主体和客体的关系来界定的。

A. 对
B. 错

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Directions :Read the texts from a magazine section called“Letters”in which five people wrote about on-line shopping. For questions 36 -40, match the name of each person to one of the statements(A-G) given below. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.Jennifer:In your article about online shopping being the newest and easiest way to shop, you said thatcomputers will replace shopping malls sooner or later because they make buying things faster andcheaper. But don' t you think that the entire point of shopping is to spend leisure time with friendswhile doing something necessary. Shopping is not just a quick task. It is, in fact, an entire way oflife.Paul:I am a great collector of all manner of hard-to-find items such as out-of-print books and antiques. Purchasing in physical stores would mean round-the- world travel and years of effort. I can get the same result in a few hours on eBay, and often at bargain prices. I am quite well-off, butbuy very few consumer items available in regular shops. I have many friends and acquaintances with the same approach.Mike:My wife buys online often. I have not heard complaints or dissatisfaction. She can compare with different online vendors' prices after she has decided what she wants. It' s delivered to the door, a big time savings and gas savings. If I need something, I check online first and see what it costs and then decide where to buy, local stores or online. Online has the advantage most of the time.Henry:Virtually all online stores make you register. But, I don't need another usermame and pass word to remember. I will only buy online if I cannot find something locally. Even though shipping is fast, I' d rather drive across town and pay more to be able to bring home a new gadget the same day. And, most of the time, there is no difference in price between local stores and online stores.Jeff:If you think the prices are the same online as they are locally, you' re dealing with the wrong online retailers. I' m an online shopping veteran and I always save quite a bit on my large-dollar purchases. With a little research experience, I've easily saved thousands of dollars over the last several years. Besides, shipping on most items is reasonable and you don't even pay taxes 99.9% of the time.Now match the name of each person (36- 40) to the appropriate statement.Note: there are two extra statements.Statements36. Jennifer[ A] I'll buy online only when I have to.37. Paul[B] You can enjoy steep discounts with most online sellers.38. Mike[C] I do buying on or off line depending on what suits me.39. Henry[D] Shopping is not only a necessary task but a sociable pleasure.40. Jeff[ E] Online selling helps to satisfy my special needs in buying.[F] Buying online is far from being as good as it is boasted to be.[G] Buying online can save you a lot only if you find the right online sellers.

Directions: Read the texts from a magazine article in which five people talk about tipping in a restaurant. For questions 36 -40, match the name of each person to one of the statements (A- G) given below. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.Richard:I've always viewed tipping as a way of saying“thank you" to the one who serves me. I believe what is bad is when no tip is left at all. The better the service, the higher the tip. Unless the service is literally perfect, I never tip more than l0% of the bill. Much like the harder teachers in school, I never give an easy“ A.”My assessment is honest.Daniel:A tip is a “thank you,” but in truth，a tip is payment for service. 20% is a standard tip. Servers deserve it for their hard work. Restaurants will never pay more for labor unless they are forced to do so by new laws. Tips make up about 97% of a server' s total income. Those tips are needed for survival. So, before servers are paid a living wage," tip 20% .Kate:Why should I pay the difference between what the restaurant is willing to pay the employee and what an acceptable wage is? I do pay 20% , but I hate it. A friend of mine left Europe for New York City, found a job in a restaurant there and ended up making $ 5 ,500 a month. Enough above minimum wage? How about miners , construction workers ; resident doctors, etc? Do they get tipped?Patricia:18 - 20% for good service is today' s standard. The restaurant and its employees are too polite to tell you this or to put it on their menus, but that is their expectation and you need to understand that. I believe it is good manners to respect this. To do otherwise is to be openly rude. If you disagree, you are wise to eat elsewhere, as you are hurting a hardworking professional.Michael:Tipping has gotten out of control. I always had thought it was 15%，and now suddenly servers have made it 20%. I tip 15% , and that' s it. If the service is really superior, then I work higher from there. Interesting to be told, “If you can' t afford to tip 20%，then you should eat at home.” If all those people stayed away, the restaurant would not even be in business.Now match the name of each person (36 -40) to the appropriate statement.Note: there are two extra statements.Statements36. Richard[ A] It's not polite not to tip.37. Daniel[ B] I do tip, though I don't like it.38. Kate[ C] Tipping shouldn't be compulsory.39. Patricia[ D ] Tips are essential to servers’ survival.40. Michael[ E] If you don't tip, you are punishing the server.[ F] I think tipping standard today is too high.[ G] Better service means higher tips.

Directions: Read the texts from a magazine article in which five people talked about advertisements aimed at children. For questions 36 -40, match the name of each person to one of the statements ( A -G) given below. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.Anne:I really don't think that it' s moral to target children with advertisements, as they are not yet able to distinguish advertising from actual programming in the way adults can. This means that advertising aimed at children is misleading and unfair. It is also clearly effective, as otherwise advertisers would not spend hundreds of millions of dollars each year targeting children who are not yet able to resist their sales pitch.John:Advertising aimed at children brings negative social consequences， as much of it is for foodand drinks that are unhealthy. Encouraging naive children to consume so much fatty ，sugary andsalty food is morally wrong because it creates overweight, unhealthy youngsters, with bad eating habits that will be with them for life. Society may pay a high price in terms of the extra medical care such children will eventually require.Lily: .I think banning advertisements is a severe restriction upon freedom of speech. Companies should be able to tell the public about any legal products, or innovation will be restricted and new companies will find it hard to market their products successfully in the face of established rivals. Children also have a human right to receive information from a wide range of sources and make up their own minds about it.Ross:Children naturally like foods that are rich in fats and sugar. They give them the energy they need to play energetically and grow healthily. It is true that eating only such foods is bad for people，but this is a problem of bad parenting rather than the fault of advertising. If advertising to children were banned, then governments would not be able to use this means of promoting healthy eating.Julia:Children are not naive innocents，but clever consumers who can distinguish at a very young age between advertisements and programs, and understand that advertisements can be misleading. This essential learning process is, in fact, developed through exposure to advertisements. It is alsoassisted by responsible parenting that does not just leave children alone in front of the television, but spends some time watching with them and discussing what is seen.Now match the name of each person (36 -40) to the appropriate statement.Note: there are two extra statements.Statements36. Anne [A] Parents' bad lifestyle influences their children.37. John [B] It's not right to ban advertisements.38. Lily [C] kids' bad eating habits are the fault of advertisements39. Ross [D] Children are easily misled by advertisements.40. Julia [E] Watching TV advertisements is a process of learning for kids.[F] It's time to ban advertisements aimed at children.[G] Advertisements aimed at children may bring trouble to society.

Directions: Read the texts from a magazine in which five women wrote to respond to an article on mother-daughter relationship. For questions 36 - -40, match the name of each person to one of the statements (A -G) given below. Mark your answers on Your ANSWER SHEET.Lucy:As the mother of two girls, l was moved to tears by your article, because it echoed so manyof my own feelings. I don't think I should feel ashamed or that I am failing my child in any waybecause I feel like this. I think it' s really normal and I love the way you have put into words whatso many mums feel at this stage in their lives.Anna:My husband and I both read this article and we think it is moving , thoughtful, and the endingis wonderful. People cannot deny that jealousy is a natural emotion between children and parents.It is wonderful to see someone emotionally mature enough to be so aware of their own feelings, and celebrate them. You have written what I am sure most mothers feel, but are too scared to admit.Beth:There is some form of jealousy between mother and daughter. I remember suspecting that mymother was jealous of me but kept it under wraps，I understood that my mother was not happy with my father and the good relationship between myself and him. The strange thing is years later. My own daughter and her father have a good relationship with each other and I can feel jealousy creeping in.Clare:When I realized my daughter had become a young woman, I was not jealous. At first I feltsad that 1 had lost my little girl, then I accepted this and rejoiced in her loveliness. l feel protectivetowards her because it is too natural for young girls to meet men. Offer your child advice on things like wearing fancy clothes which men do see as charming, and hope that she enjoys her life.Ruth:I think that a mature person judges herself based on her own qualities. A loving mother doesnot compare herself to her children and advertise her unhealthy thoughts to the world in a newspaper. I am surrounded all day at work by hot, smart young undergraduates, many of whom are hotter and smarter than I was at their age. When they succeed socially and academically, I feelhappy for them.Now match the name of each person (36 -40) to the appropriate statement.Note: there are two extra statements.Statements36. Lucy[A] You have spoken out the true feelings of mothers like me.37. Anna[B]It is helpful for mothers to reveal their hidden feelings.38. Beth[C] Emotionally mature mothers understand their daughters.39. Clare[D] I understand my mother now, being a mother myself.40. Ruth[E] You have expressed what most mothers feel but dare not say.[F] Do your duty as a mother and hope for the best for your daughter.[G] A mother should not envy her children and make public her improper feelings.