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If the DNA is integrated in a sensitive spot in the genome, for example in a tumor suppressor gene, the therapy could induce a tumor. This has occurred in clinical trials for X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) patients, in which hematopoietic stem cells were transduced with a corrective transgene using a retrovirus, and this led to the development of _______________ in 3 of 20 patients.

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By _______, the FDA approved Genetech's first successful product, a synthetic form of human insulin produced by bacteria that were engineered to contain the insulin gene.

The first gene therapy for an inherited _____ disease was reported by three independent clinical trials in 2008 in patients with Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA), an early onset retinal dystrophy.

Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA), an early onset retinal dystrophy, is caused by mutations in retinal pigment epithelium-specific protein 65 kDa (RPE65) gene that encodes a _____________________.

Oncorine™, a conditionally replicative adenovirus, was developed by Sunway Biotech Co. Ltd and gained marketing approval in China in ______ in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of late-stage refractory nasopharyngeal cancer.

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