题目内容

阅读下面段落，按要求回答问越。
十九年，似乎一切全变了，又似乎都没有改变。死了许多人，毁了许多家。许多可爱的生命葬入黄土。接着又有许多新的人继续扮演不必要的悲剧。浪费，浪费，还是那许多不必要的浪费——生命，精力，感情，财富，甚至欢笑和眼泪。我去的时候是这样，回来时看见的还是一样的情形。关在这个小圈子里，我禁不住几次问我自己：难道这十八年全是白费？难道在这许多年中间所改变的就只是装束和名词？我痛苦地搓自己的手，不敢给一个回答。
这段文字的主旨是什么？
这里运用了什么修辞手法？有什么作用？
“难道在这许多年中问所改变的就只是装束和名词？”这句话是什么意思？
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE
Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese.
When did sport begin？ If sport is, in essence, play, the claim might be made that sport is much older than humankind, for, as we all have observed, the beasts play. Dogs and cats wrestle and play ball games. Fishes and birds dance. The apes have simple, pleasurable games. Frolicking infants, school children playing tag, and adult arm wrestlers are demonstrating strong, trans-generational and trans-species bonds with the universe of animals—past, present, and future. Young animals, particularly, tumble, chase, run, wrestle, mock, imitate, and laugh (or so it seems) to the point of delighted exhaustion. Their play, and ours, appears to serve no other purpose than to give pleasure to the players, and apparently, to remove us temporarily from the anguish of life in earnest. Some philosophers have claimed that our playfulness is the most noble part of our basic nature. In their generous conceptions, play harmlessly and experimentally permits us to put our creative forces, fantasy, and imagination into action. Hay is release from the tedious battles against scarcity and decline which are the incessant, and inevitable, tragedies of life. This is a grand conception that excites and provokes. The holders of this view claim that the origins of our highest accomplishments—liturgy, literature, and law—can be traced to a play impulse which, paradoxically, we see most purely enjoyed by young beasts and children. Our sports, in this rather happy, nonfatalistic view of human nature, are more splendid creations of the nondatable, trans-species play impulse.