On 26 July 1972, the New York Times reported on the Tuskegee Study of the natural history of syphilis in a population of approximately 600 African American men, funded and conducted by the United States Public Health Service in Tuskegee, Alabama, which was determined by a review panel to be ___________.
A. ethical
B. unethical
C. proper
D. adequate
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The Institute of Society, Ethics, and the Life Sciences, now the Hastings Center, was founded in _____ in New York by the philosopher Daniel Callahan and the physician Willard Gaylin.
A. 1960
B. 1963
C. 1967
D. 1969
The US FDA approved the first oral contraceptive in ______ in the world, launching the era of the increased control by women over becoming pregnant and detaching sexual intercourse from reproduction.
A. 1954
B. 1958
C. 1960
D. 1965
The Nuremberg Code was promulgated in _____ by the War Tribunal in Nuremberg, West Germany. As the first international code of research ethics, it includes requirements that consent always be obtained from human subjects of research and that standards of intellectual excellence in scientific investigation must be followed without exception.
A. 1945
B. 1947
C. 1949
D. 1952
The World Medical Association's Declaration of Geneva was published in _____. The Physician's Oath was published, intending to be a modern version of the Hippocratic Oath.
A. 1945
B. 1947
C. 1948
D. 1950