题目内容
Nakasone gives every sign of being secure in his desire to reduce a Japanese surplus in trade with the US that hit 36.8 billion dollars in 1984 and could soon top billion. Yet to rely on any Japanese political leader, no matter how popular he is at home, to reverse trade policies is to underestimate the culture and traditions that weigh heavily against a breakthrough②. Big business and dozens of anonymous bureaucrats have as much power as Japan's top elected leaders. "The whole concept that we can turn this around right now is obviously ridiculous," says an American trader who has lived and worked here since 1952. "The vested interests are being shaken and slowly moved, but at a pace too slow for the eye to follow." That view is echoed by a US diplomat closely involved in the efforts to open the Japanese market to American goods, Washington's main solution to the ballooning trade ambulance. "Japan is a relationship society rather than a transactional one," he says. "You cannot alter that kind of a system with a television speech or a few general proposals, no matter how well-intended they are."
Beyond specific tariffs or other official barriers to imports, experts here say that the US faces these obstacles. Nearly total domination of the Japanese market by a few dozen giant conglomerates that strongly op pose even token competition—be it from abroad or emerging domestic firms. An elite, thickly layered bureaucracy that historically has drafted laws and regulations as well as enforced them, and both of these powers would be threatened by trade reforms. A longtime relationship between business and government that critics say fosters collusion and hinders foreign entry into domestic markets③.
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When Laura Langanki found extra towels in the laundry smelling lemony fresh, she never【C1】______ that meant her 13 year-old son was 【C2】______ drugs. "We were 【C3】______ three to four bottles of air freshener a week," says the 42-year-old nurse from Plymouth, Minn." 【C4】______ a fool, I thought my kid was becoming more interested in personal 【C5】______ "Instead, Jake was "huffing"—spraying the 【C6】______ into towels and inhaling the fumes. 【C7】______ his mother found out two years later, he was smoking pot, using acid and crystal met amphetamine, drinking alcohol, and snorting cocaine.
Laura had warned Jake not to 【C8】______ illegal drugs when he was younger and felt sure he got the message. But according to a new U. S. News 【C9】______ , even parents who believe they talk often with their kids about drugs can be 【C10】______ . Of 700 parents and 700 teens surveyed, 1 【C11】______ 3 parents claimed to talk about drugs "a lot" with his or her teen, while only 14 percent of teenagers felt they had frequent conversation on the 【C12】______ with Mom or Dad.
That failure to communicate can have 【C13】______ consequences. In a 1999 survey of nearly 10, 000 parents and teens 【C14】______ the Partnership for a Drug-Free America, teens who 【C15】______ anti-drug messages at home were 42 percent 【C16】______ to use drugs. "This may sound like 【C17】______ advice," says Steve Dnistrian, executive vice president of the group. "But hard numbers quantify that parental communication is the 【C18】______ most important thing we can do to prevent children using drugs." Indeed, parents received 【C19】______ vote of confidence from 63 percent of the teens polled by U. S. News, 【C20】______ siblings, teachers, and friends.
【C1】
W: Not yet. Are there a lot of changes？
M: There sure are. Instead of paying one fee to cover all meals for the whole school year, we will now be able to choose how many per week we want and can contract for just that amount. We still have to pay for the whole year at the beginning. But we can choose to buy seven, ten, fourteen or twenty-one meals per week. They give you a card with the number of meals you get for a week marked on it.
W: That's a big change Tom. And a complicated system.
M: Yeah. But it will be much better for people who don't eat three meals a day, seven days a week in the cafeteria because they won't have to pay for meals they don't eat.
W: So what's the deal for those who do eat at school all the time？
M: It's better for them too. Because the more meals you contract for, the cheaper each one is.
W: I see. It still sounds rather complicated.
M: True. It took me several hours to figure it out. I decided to go with the ten-meal plan.
W: Why is that？
M: Well, I never eat breakfast and I often go away on weekends. So the ten-meal plan gives me lunch and dinner every weekday at a fairly low price. And I won't be paying for meals I don't usually eat.
W: And what about the weekend when you are on campus？
M: Well, there are often guests on campus on weekends. So they allow you to huy single meals on a walk-in basis on Saturdays and Sundays. The price per meal is much higher in that way. But I am away so much that it will still be less money for me to pay single prices on tile weekends rather than sign up for the fourteen meal a week plan. W: Oh, I guess I'll have to sit down and figure out my eatting pattern so 1 can get the best deal.
What's the main feature of the new method of paying for meals？
听力原文：W: Stan, do you have a minute？
M: Oh, hi, Cathy, sure. What's up？
W: Well, I've been meaning to talk to you about the situation in the office.
M: I'm not in that very often. It's so noisy that 1 can't work.
W: That's exactly what I'm getting at. We're supposed to be able to do our preparation and nmrking in that office. But have you notice？ Jack constantly has students coming in to get help with his course. A lot of people are going in and out.
M: Has anybody spoken to him about it？
W: No, not yet. But someone's going to have to.
M: We can't really ask him to stop having students come in for help, can we？
W: No, of course not. But I'm not able to do my work and neither are you. I imagine it's the same for the others in the office.
M: Hum, could we ask for a kind of meeting room？ When TAs have to talk with the students, they could go to the meeting room and not use the office. You know, there's a room down the hall, a rather smallx room that we could ask to use. h's only for storing supplies.
W: You mean that little storage room？ Oh, that would be too small. Mi Are you sure？ With the cabinets taken out, it might be bigger than it looks.
W: Come to think df it, you maybe on to something. I'd like to have a look at that room. Can we go there now？ M: Sure, let's go.
What problem at the office are Cathy and Stan discussing？
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS
Directions: In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
听力原文：W: I want to register for this mathematics course.
M: I'm sorry registration has closed.
W: Closed？ The clerk told me I could come back and register any time during the first week of classes.
M: Well, that's not possible. The computer's official student account has already been sent to the state. And that's what our budget is based on. Who told you that anyway？
W: Some woman here when I tried to register three weeks ago. She said I just had to pay a late fee.
M: She must have been a temporary worker. They don't have much training. Why didn't you register then？
W: She said 1 couldn't until I had my birth certificate. Here it is.
M: Your birth certificate？
W: Well, I'm a new part-time student. So she asks for identification. I don't drive so I don't have a driver's license.
M: Huh. That's no reason to demand a birth certificate. We only need to establish residency: a phone bill with your name and address on it would've been fine.
W: Really？ Only prove of my address？
M: Yes. I'm afraid she gave you the wrong information. Still you'll have to wait and take your math's class next semester. W: But that's not fair.
M: Well, I sympathize with your problem, but frankly, I don't think there is anything anyone can do for you. You were trapped in the system. If you want to you can talk to the director. She will help you if she can.
W: Great.
M: Don't get your hopes up.
What problem does the woman have？
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