What approaches can help us to answer the question of how life arises from the nonliving?
A. Generate a molecular proto-organism in vitro
B. Achieve the transition to life in an artificial chemistry in silico
C. Determine whether fundamentally novel living organizations can exist
D. Simulate a unicellular organism over its entire life cycle
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Whatapproachescanhelpustoanswerthequestionof what the potentials and limits of living systems are?
A. Determine what is inevitable in the open-ended evolution of life
B. Determine minimal conditions for evolutionary transitions from specific to generic response systems
Create a formal framework for synthesizing dynamical hierarchies at all scales
Determine the predictability of evolutionary consequences of manipulating organisms and ecosystems
Whatapproachescanhelpustoanswerthequestionof how life is related to mind, machines, and culture?
A. Demonstrate the emergence of intelligence & mind in an artificial living system
B. Evaluate the influence of machines on the next major evolutionary transition of life
C. Provide a quantitative model of the interplay between cultural & biological evolution
D. Establish ethical principles for artificial life
Whatapproachescanhelpustoanswerthequestionofhowthe environment affects the life genesis and evolution?
A. Evaluate gene-environment interactions
B. Demonstrate how environmental changes alter life's living state, metabolism, and reproduction
C. Assess how environmental factors increase life diversity
D. Simulate how environmental factors affect life cycle and cause diseases
Syn3.0has473genes.Ofthese,79havenoassignedfunctionalcategory.Theremaindercanbeassignedto4majorfunctionalgroups:
A. expressionofgenomeinformation(195genes);
B. preservationofgenomeinformation(34genes);
C. cellmembranestructureandfunction(84genes);
D. cytosolicmetabolism(81genes).
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