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    Part IClozeDirections:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose theONEthat best fits into the passage.One thing that impacted me the most this year is how precious time has become. Granted, I do not believe there is (1)________ generation that has claimed differently. (2)________ has happened is our increment of time has become smaller (3)________ smaller, to the point that we almost struggle to measure it.With the ability to send things electronically, days became (4)________ . Hours became seconds. And seconds became nanoseconds. If you've watched the movie, Almost Famous, you might share (5)________ me a similar gasp as the editor at Rolling Stones ecstatically talks about (6)________ able to fax one page every 18 minutes.I think about even (7)________ simplest jobs I do today. People expect from me immediate responses via email or cell-phone. They look that even when I'm thousands of miles (8)________ I'm still responsible to answer and stay connected. (9)________ do I ever see people take true vacations anymore, where they don't touch work related material at all. More often than (10)________ , people spend at least (11)________ of their off time "catching up" on email because there isn't time (12)________ to do so.Recently, I started to run a software (13)________ my computer that my husband has had for (14)________ time now. I was thrilled that it ran faster on my computer (15)________ his. He then got a computer upgrade. His computer became the faster one. Though the time difference was (16)________ a matter of seconds, it felt almost unbearable.If (17)________ else, time has become a very precious commodity. It's more expensive than platinum. It's harder to come by than the rarest gems. And when (18)________ , there's no way to replenish it.So my note (19)________ my readers this year, watch (20)________ you spend your time and take care of it. Throughout this year, I will insert articles between my other topics that will talk about Internet time-saving tips.


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    Part IIReading ComprehensionSection ADirections:There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is responsible for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.If a firm wants to adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be successful, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers.In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in "points", which are added together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without reference to an evaluation system based on points.In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should compare the value of each job with those in the job market. It should also consider economic factors such as the cost of living and the labor supply.It is necessary that payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with the hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen; for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.


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    Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Some say that manufacturing is special, because the rest of the economy depends on it. In fact, the economy is more like a network in which everything is connected to everything else, and in which every producer is also a consumer. The important distinction is not between manufacturing and services, but between productive and unproductive jobs.Some manufacturers accept that, but move immediately to another argument: the current crisis is needlessly endangering productive, highly skilled manufacturing jobs. Nowadays each link in the supply chain depends on all the others. The car industry argues that the loss of GM would permanently damage the North American supply chain. They say aid can save good firms to fight another day. Although some supply chains have bottlenecks, that is a weak general argument for sectoral (经济领域的) aid. As a rule, suppliers with several customers, and customers with several suppliers, should be livelier than if they were dependent on a large group. The evidence from China is that today's lack of demand creates the spare capacity that allows customers to find a new supplier quickly if the old one goes out of business. When it is hard to get a new one, because a parts supplier is highly specialized, say, good management is likely to be more effective than state aid. The best firms monitor their important suppliers closely and buy parts from more than one source, even if it costs money. In the extreme cases, firms can support weak suppliers by helping them raise cash or by investing in them.If sectoral aid is wasteful, why then save the banking system? Not for the sake of the bankers, certainly nor because state aid will create an efficient financial industry. Even bank rescues and stimulus plans (激励政策) are aimed at the roots of the economy's problems: saving the banks, no matter how undeserving they are, is supposed to keep finance flowing to all firms; fiscal stimulus is supposed to lift demand across the board. As manufacturing breaks down, governments should not toy with sectoral plans. Their proper task is broader but not less urgent: to get on with spending and with free finance.


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    Passage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition (学会) of each new skill — the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness.As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality (道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents' principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.


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