超星 - 女性主义视角下的小说检测 - 查题吧

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From a patriarchal perspective, women who adhere to traditional gender roles are considered “____girls.” They are put on pedestals and idealized as pure, angelic creatures whose sense of self consists mainly or entirely of their usefulness to their husbands, fathers, or brothers. In contrast, women who violate traditional gender roles are thought of as “bad girls,” especially if they violate the rules of sexual conduct for patriarchal women.

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Feminist theory points out, however, that both “good girls” and “bad girls” are ____by patriarchy. That is, they are not viewed as independent human beings with their own goals, needs, and desires. Rather, they are evaluated only in terms of their usefulness to patriarchal men. They are viewed only as patriarchal objects.

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Patriarchy is based on ____, which is the belief that women are innately (that is, by nature) inferior to men: less intelligent, less rational, less courageous, and so forth.

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____individuals believe that traditional gender roles- which cast men as decision-makers and women as dutiful followers-are right and natural because men's innate superiority dictates that they should be in charge, not only in the family but in business, politics, and all other important social institutions.

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In order to oppose sexism, many feminist thinkers differentiate between our sex, which is our biological makeup as female or male (for example, our sex organs and body chemistry), and our ____, which is our cultural programming as feminine or masculine (for example, our behaving as “sweet little things” or “macho-men”).

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Feminism argues that while we may be born female or male, we are not born feminine or masculine. Rather, it is ____that decides which behaviors are considered feminine, and therefore appropriate only to females, and which behaviors are considered masculine, and therefore appropriate only to males.

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Simone de Beauvoir argues in her groundbreaking book, The Second Sex (1949), “One is not born a ____; one becomes one.”

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,In the nineteenth century, Victorian patriarchy promoted the “cult of ‘true womanhood,” which idealized what it called the “____woman,” a concept that still influences patriarchal thinking today.

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Psychoanalytic theory asks us to examine the ways in which our personal identity is formed by our early emotional experience within the____.

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Marxist theory asks us to examine the ways in which our personal identity is formed by the ____system in which we live.

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