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Section D<br>听力原文: In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more (21) productive. Some experts (22) claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is (23) evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the worker's life more enjoyable, it does not (24) actually make it harder. As far as increasing productivity is (25) concerned, variety is not an important factor.<br>Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no (26) doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modem factory with its complicated (27) machinery which must be used in a fixed way.<br>To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But (28) perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar (29) argument may explain demands for shorter hours. Perhaps if we (30) succeed in making their jobs more interesting, neither more money, nor shorter working hours will be so important to them.<br>In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more【21】. Some experts【22】the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is【23】to suggest that while variety certainly makes the worker's life more enjoyable, it does not【24】make it harder. As far as increasing productivity is【25】, variety is not an important factor.<br>Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no【26】that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modem factory with its complicated【27】which must be used in a fixed way.<br>To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But【28】they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar【29】may explain demands for shorter hours. Perhaps if we【30】in making their jobs more interesting, neither more money, nor shorter working hours will be so important to them.<br>(21)


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Section D<br>听力原文: Good morning. This morning we are continuing our look at Australia and its natural problems. Actually dryness, or aridity, as it is generally called by geographers, is probably the most challenging of Australia's natural problems and so it is very important in this course for you to have a good understanding of the subject. For Australia, water is a precious resource and its wise management is of the greatest importance.<br>As I have said, Australia is a dry continent, second only to Antarctica in its lack of rainfall. Long hours of hot sunshine and searing winds give Australia an extremely high rate of evaporation, far more than in most other countries. It is estimated that approximately 87% of Australia's rainfall is lost through evaporation, compared with just over 60% in Europe and Africa and 48% in North America. You generally think of many parts of Australia standing water, that is dams, puddles and so forth, dry up rapidly and some rainfall barely penetrates the soil. The reason for this is that thirsty plants absorb the moisture.<br>Some parts of Australia are dry because rainwater seeps quickly through sandy soil and into the rock below. In parts of Australia this water, which seeps through the sandy soils collects underground to form. underground lakes. Water from these subterranean lakes can be pumped to the surface and lapped and so used for various purposes above the ground. In fact, extensive underground water is too salty to be used for human consumption or for the irrigation of crops. However, most inland farmers do rely on this water for watering their animal and, where possible, to a lesser extent for irrigation.<br>Underground water can flow very large distances and can be kept in underground reservoirs for a very long time. Water from these underground bubbles to the surface as springs in some parts of the country, and there rare sources of permanent water were vital to early explorers of island Australia, and to other pioneers last century, who used the springs for survival. But in many places levels have fallen drastically through continuous use over the year. This has necessitated the pumping of the water to the surface. Remarkably, underground water sources in Australia supply about 18% of total water consumption. So you can see it is quite an important source of water in this dry land.<br>So most of the consumption of water in Australia comes from water which is kept above ground. More than 300 dams regulate river flows around the country. The dams store water for a variety of function, the rural irrigation of crops, without which many productive areas of the country would not be able to be farmed ; the regulation of flooding, a serious problem which will be dealt with later in the course; and last but not least, the harnessing of the force of gravity for the generation of electricity. That is all we have for this morning, but you will be able to do further study on this important area in the interested, please come up to the desk and take a copy.<br>Australia is【21】driest continent in this world. The evaporation rate of rainfall in Australia is【22】.<br>The reason for rapid drying-up of water and bare penetrating of the soil of rainfall is that the moisture is absorbed by.【23】<br>In sandy soils rainwater can【24】<br>Water is mainly pumped up for【25】<br>Natural springs are located in some parts【26】<br>Underground water supplies about 18% of the【27】<br>The dams store water for a variety of functions:<br>the rural irrigation【28】<br>the regulation【29】<br>the generation【30】<br>(21)


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