Jean Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it ___ analyzed in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.

A. is to be
B. has been
C. should have been
D. be

The traffic was very heavy, ___was completely unexpected, and so we arrived after start of the program.

A. this
B. which
C. that
D. it

My phone call to the electrician ___ as I subsequently discovered m;y wife had phoned.

A. needn’t be made
B. shouldn’t be made
C. needn’t have been made
D. didn’t have to be

Alaska found the first years of its statehood costly because it had to take over the expense of services___ previously by the federal government.

A. to provide
B. be provided
C. providing
D. provided

The man looked back from time to time, as if ___ who was following him.

A. seeing
B. to see
C. saw
D. to be seeing

The geocentric idea was abandoned in the 17th century, partly as a result of the writings of Copernicus___ observations made by other astronomers.

A. and also were
B. not only because of
C. also because of
D. and also because of

Playing a major role in the economic life of the US, ___ .

A. women currently make up 46 percent of the work force
B. the women currently make up 46 percent of the work force
C. women currently they 46 percent of the work force
D. 46 percent of the work force is currently made up of women

Unloved and unwanted youngsters may be tempted to run away from home to escape their problems, ___ bigger ones in cities filled with crime, drugs and immorality.

A. have only found
B. only finding
C. only found
D. only to find

Most psychologists agree that the basic structure of an individual’s personality is ___ .

A. well established extremely by the age of five
B. by the age of five it is extremely well established
C. extremely well established by the age of five
D. by the age of five and extremely well established

Many, many years ago, a slave called Androcles ran away from his Roman master and hid himself in a ave outside the city. Hearing the roar of a lion 1the mouth of the cave one day, the slave realized he could not escape and 2ready to die. The lion limped into the cave but, instead of attacking the slave, the great beast 3down in pain, licking its paw. Growing bolder, Androcles came to towards the lion 4he was close enough to see that there was a long sharp thorn deep in the animal’s paw. Androvles reached out and quickly removed the thorn. The lion was so thankful that it licked the slave’s feet, and the man and the beast became friends.At last Androcles was captured by some soldiers traveling through the woods and was taken back to the city 5.According to the law of the time, runaway slaves would be thrown into the wing with wild beasts. People considered this to be great sport, and there were many who always came to 6the slaves to be killed by the animals.The day arrived when Androcles too was thrown into the ring with a great lion. The crowd shouted with 7as the slave faced a terrible death. But their shouts changed to cries of astonishment as the lion bounded up to Androcles, wagging its tail, and the slave threw his arms around the animal’s neck. This was the lion who had shared the cave with him 8he was free.The hearts of the people were 9by this strange event, and they agreed that both the slave and the animal should be free. Androvles and his friend the lion left the ring amid the cheers of the crowd 10a short while before had been screaming for blood.