China was the first country to commercialize a transgenic crop in 1993 with the introduction of virus-resistant __________.

A. cotton
B. tobacco
C. soybean
D. tomato

Inmostcases,theaimofgeneticengineeringistointroduceanewtraittotheplantwhichdoesnotoccurnaturallyinthespecies,whichinclude:

A. resistancetocertainpests,diseases,orenvironmentalconditions
B. reductionofspoilage
C. resistancetochemicaltreatments(e.g.resistancetoaherbicide)
D. improvingthenutrientprofileofthecrop

Genetically modified virus is a virus that has gone through genetic modification for various:

A. biomedical purposes
B. health purposes agricultural purposes
C. bio-control purposes
D. technological purposes

Viruses that have been used for gene therapy are:

A. adenovirus
B. lentivirus
C. retrovirus
D. herpes simplex virus

Common types of GM food include:

A. fruits and vegetables
B. corn
C. soy
D. wheat

Derivative products of GM food include:

A. corn starch and starch sugars including syrups
B. lecithin
C. sugar
D. vegetable oil

The following genetically modified crops received marketing approval in 1995:

A. canola with modified oil composition
Bt maize, cotton resistant to the herbicide bromoxynil
C. Bt cotton, glyphosate-tolerant soybeans
D. virus-resistant squash, another delayed ripening tomato

GM foods have many advantages:

A. they can increase crop yield
B. they can reduce production costs
C. they can enhance crops' ability to resist pests and viruses
D. they can improve the storability of agricultural products

GM foods also have shortcomings:

A. The so-called increase in production is not affected by environmental impacts
B. If natural disasters such as rain or snow are encountered, it is also possible to reduce production even more
C. At the same time, in the cultivation process, genetically modified crops may evolve into farmland weeds; other species may be affected by gene drift.
D. Genetically modified foods may cause allergies in the consumers.

Genetic engineering techniques allow for the introduction of new traits as well as greater ____________ over traits when compared to previous methods, such as selective breeding and mutation breeding.