默认题库 - 00012英语(一)

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Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives. Paragraph③（）.

A. Drug overuse and its consequence
B. The problem of drug overuse in America
C. Benefits of medicine and its wise use
D. Female drug overuse with reference to that of males
E. Misuse of medicine among the young generation
F. Improper use of medicine among senior citize

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Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives. Paragraph④（）.

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Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives. Medications kill pain for people suffering（）.

A. teenage boys
B. from diseases
C. get addicted
D. the record of medicines overusing
E. use instruction
F. are alien and utterly foreig

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Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives. Some people use medications about a couple of times more than the average people but with less compliance with（）.

A. teenage boys
B. from diseases
C. get addicted
D. the record of medicines overusing
E. use instruction
F. are alien and utterly foreig

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Good Table Manners Manners play an important part in making a favorable impression at the dinner table. Here are some general rules： Napkin （餐巾） use The meal begins when the host unfolds his or her napkin. This is your signal to do the same， so place your napkin on your lap. Unfold it completely if it is a small napkin. Or in half， lengthwise （纵向地），if it is a large dinner napkin. If you need to leave the table during the meal， place your napkin on your chair as a signal to your server that you will be returning. Once the meal is over， place your napkin neatly on the table to the right of your dinner plate. Do not refold it. Use a napkin only for your mouth. Never use it for your nose， face or forehead. Use of utensils （餐具） Start with the knife， fork or spoon furthest from your plate， and work your way in， using one utensil for each course. If soup is served， remember to spoon away from yourself. This helps stop the drips. Do not put the entire soup spoon in your mouth. Instead， fill a soup spoon about 75 per cent with soup， and sip（啜饮）it from the side noiselessly. After finishing dinner， place the knife and fork parallel to one another across the plate with the knife blade facing inward toward the plate. Using your fingers Here's a list of finger foods： sandwiches， cookies， small fruits or berries with stems， French fries and potato chips， and hamburgers. Chew（咀嚼）with your mouth closed and don't make noise； don't talk with your mouth full. Bread must be broken with your hands. It is never cut with a knife. Don't pick something Out of your teeth. Instead， excuse yourself to the bathroom. If possible， try not to cough at the table. Do not put your elbows （肘） on the table. In France， it is essential to have both hands above the table at the same time. Do not put bones or anything else on the table. Things that are not eaten should be put on your plate. Where is the napkin normally placed during the meal？（）

A. On your chair
B. On the table
C. On your lap
D. On your plate

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Advertising to Children （1） Not only are they easily swayed by advertising， they are also persuasive in encouraging their parents to buy a product. If a child wants something in their kid's locker， they will prod and annoy their parents until they get what they want.（2）All it takes is a little suggestion from a single advertisement to send them on their way. （3） In a campaign entitled "Kids are the Star"， its employees were encouraged to pay special attention to children and to make sure they had a positive experience while eating at its restaurants. The reason for this， naturally， was not that the McDonald's corporation cared deeply about the well-being of children everywhere， but that the pester-power that children have is extraordinarily effective at bringing their parents back for more visits. The way that advertisers target children is simple big， bright lights， happy people and animated characters are all that is needed to encourage children to think a certain product is something they want. （4）They do not realize that Ronald McDonald is just a guy in a Costum and make-up， and that behind the counter of every McDonald's is a bunch of kids working in uncomfortable conditions for low pay. This poses a real moral dilemma for those who make the advertising decisions， or at least it should. （5）How do you say no to an opportunity to reach such a wide audience of children， who act as advertisers themselves when they encourage other children and their parents to buy a particular product？ 5.（）

A. While manipulating children into believing lies， especially encouraging them to eat unhealthy foods， is obviously bad， the purpose of business is to make money
B. The superficial reactions children get from eating McDonald's last about as long as they are at the place
C. McDonald's at one stage advised employees to specifically target children
D. Children are a prime target for advertisers and salesmen across the world
E. Anyone who has seen a child pester its parents knows the lengths children can go to
F. This is because children are naive； they genuinely believe what an advertiser tells them

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Research Is a State of Mind For many years there has been much misunderstanding as to just what research is. The popular conception seems to be that there is something mysterious about it， and before any research can be done it is necessary to have expensive scientific apparatus and large， elaborately equipped laboratories. Actually， this is not so. （6） It is a simple， organized way of trying to accomplish something you wish to do—so simple that anyone can do research anywhere at any time. First， you select the problem you would like to solve， then you list at least ten reasons why it has not been solved. （7） It takes just as much effort to solve a useless problem as a useful one. （8） After carefully—and I want to emphasize that word “carefully”—selecting the problem and the ten things between you and the solution， you then use the same procedure as in solving a crossword puzzle.（9）In the solution of the remaining obstacles you may need some simple apparatus， but the things you will probably need most are infinite patience and persistence. Few people realize the difficulties of doing any new thing. Maybe one of the reasons people are so easily discouraged is because of their education. During all our years at school we were examined two or three times a year. If we failed once， we were out. （10）If we are going to make progress， we must learn to fail intelligently so that we won't become discouraged at the 99.9 per cent failure. 8.（）

A. Make sure the game is worth the candle.
B. That is a step in the right direction， but I don't believe it is enough.
C. You take the easy obstacles first and by a process of elimination you eventually arrive at the one or two major ones.
D. But in selecting the problem， you need to be sure to analyze it carefully to see that it is worth the effort.
E. Research isn't a physical thing at all； it's a state of mind.
F. By contrast， all research work is 99. 9 per cent failure and， if we succeed once， we are in.

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