超星 - 国商Chapter4（补交）

单选题

A caste system differs from a class system because:

A. a caste system is an open system of stratification, while a class system is a closed system of stratification.
B. it is not possible for an individual to change his or her caste, while a class system allows people to change their class through individual achievement.
C. the social mobility in caste systems varies from society to society, while in a class system there is no social mobility.
D. a caste system is a less rigid form of social stratification, while a class system is a comparatively more rigid form of social stratification.

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单选题

A condition where people tend to perceive themselves in terms of their class background and this shapes their relationships with members of other classes is known as _____.

A. class stratification
B. social mobility
C. class mobility
D. class consciousness

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单选题

An upper-middle-class manager tends to have hostile relationship with the working-class employees in the firm because of his tendency to perceive himself as superior to them based on his class background. In this example, the manager exhibits _____.

A. class consciousness
B. cultural awareness
C. social mobility
D. group orientation

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单选题

Ethical systems are:

A. a set of moral principles, orvalues, that are used to guide and shape behavior.
B. shared beliefs and rituals thatare concerned with the realm of the sacred.
C. routine conventions of everydaylife.
D. social rules that govern people'sactions toward each other.

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单选题

Religion may be defined as:

A. routine conventions of everyday life
B. social rules that govern people'sactions toward each other.
C. shared beliefs and rituals thatare concerned with the realm of the sacred.
D. a set of moral principles, orvalues, that are used to guide and shape behavior.

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单选题

Max Weber theorized that there was a relationship between Protestantism and the emergence of modern capitalism because:

A. Protestant ethics emphasize the importance of hard work and wealth creation and frugality.
B. Protestantism promotes thehierarchical domination of religious and social life.
C. Protestantism states thatspiritual growth is more important than material wealth.
D. Protestantism promotes blindloyalty to employers.

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单选题

Which of the following sociologists made a connection between Protestant ethics and "the spirit of capitalism"?

A. Karl Marx
B. Max Weber
C. Amartya Sen
D. Adam Smith

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单选题

Hinduism and Buddhism both stress the importance of _____.

A. the caste system
B. the afterlife
Confucian ethics
D. life on earth

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单选题

According to Islam, those who hold property are regarded as _____.

A. trustees
B. owners
C. tenants
D. speculators

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单选题

Which of the following observations is correct?

A. The economic principlesestablished in the Koran are against free enterprise.
B. The economic principles of Islam prohibit the payment or receipt of interest.
C. The Koran speaks disapprovingly of earning legitimate profit through trade and commerce.
D. Protection of the right to privateproperty is not embedded within Islam.

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