填空题
Directions:There is a five-paragraph essay in this section. Analyze it by anwsering questions (56-60) about unity, support, cohesion and the introduction & conclusion.Altered States[1]Most Americans are not alcoholics. Most do not hang about citystreets looking tobuy drugs. Relatively fewdeceive their doctors into prescribing unneeded mood-altering medications. Andyet, many Americans are traveling through life with their minds slightly out ofcontrol. In its attempt to cope with modern life, the human mind seems to haveevolved some defense strategies. Confronted with inventions like television,the shopping center, and the Internet, the mind will slip-all by itself-into analtered state(意识失常状态).[2]Never in the history of humanity have people been expected to sitpassively for hours, staring at moving picturesshowing from an electronicbox._______too much exposure to flickering images of police officers,detectives, and talk-show hosts can be dangerous to human sanity, the mindautomatically goes into a state of TV hypnosis(催眠状态). The eyes see the sitcom orthe dog food commercial,________the mind goes into a holding pattern. Noneof the televised images or sounds actually enter the brain. This is why,when questioned, people cannot remember commercials they have seenfive seconds before or why the TV cops are chasing a certain suspect. Inthis hypnotic state, the mind resembles an armored armadillo(穿山甲).It rolls up in self-defense, letting the stream of televised information pass byharmlessly.[3]If the TV watcher arises from the couch and goes to a shopping mall,he or she will again cope by slipping into an altered state. In the mall,the mind is bombarded with the sights, smells, and sounds of dozens ofstores, restaurants, and movie theaters competing for its attention. Thereare hundreds of questions to be answered. Should I start with the upperor lower mall level? Which stores should I look in? Should I bother withthe sweater sale at J. Crew? Should I eat fried chicken or try the healthiersounding Pita Wrap? Where is my car parked? To combat this mentaloverload, the mind goes into a state resembling the whiteout experiencedby mountain climbers trapped in a blinding snowstorm. Suddenly,everything looks the same. The shopper is unsure where to go next andcannot remember what he or she came for in the first place. The mindenters this state deliberately so that the shopper has no choice but to leave.Some kids can be in a shopping mall for hours, but they are exceptions tothe rule.[4]But no part of everyday life so quickly triggers the mind's protectiveshutdown mode as that favorite pastime of the new millennium: Internetsurfing. Acomputer user sits down with the intention of briefly checking hisor her e-mail or looking up a fact for a research paper. But once tappedintothe immense storehouse of information, entertainment, and seeminglyintimate personal connectionsthat the Internet offers, the user loses all senseof time and priorities. Prospects flood the mind: Should I explore the rise ofNazi Germany? Play a trivia game? Hear the life story of a lonely strangerin Duluth? With a mind dazed with information overload, the user numblyhits one key after another, leaping from topic to topic, from distraction todistraction. Hours fly by as he or she sits hunched over the keyboard,unableto account for the time that has passed.[5]These poor victims are merely trying to cope with the mind-numbinginventions of modern life and are not responsible for their glazed eyes androbotic motions. People need to be aware of them and treat them withkindness andunderstanding. Going out of the way to bring these comasufferers back to real life is the job of all those who have managed to avoidthe side effects oftelevision, shopping, and the Internet; otherwise,humanitywill suffer.ABOUT UNITY(56) Whichsentence in paragraph3is off topic (离题) and should beomitted in the interest of paragraph unity (统一性)?____________________________________________ .
简答题
Fast ReadingDirections: Skimthe following essay.Match each body paragraph in theessaywith corresponding subtitle (A-J) and fill in each blank(36-45)with the letter before the corresponding subtitle.Top 10Artificial Intelligence (AI) ApplicationsArtificial Intelligence (AI) is the machine-displayed intelligence that simulates human behavior or thinking and can be trained to solve specific problems. AI is a combination ofMachine Learning techniquesandDeep Learning. AI models that are trained using vast volumes of data have the ability to make intelligent decisions.Here is the list of the top 10Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applications:36.__________________Artificial Intelligence technology is used to create recommendation engines through which you can engage better with your customers. These recommendations are made in accordance with their browsing history, preference, and interests. It helps in improving your relationship with your customers and their loyalty towards your brand.Virtual shopping assistants and chatbots help improve the user experience while shopping online.Natural Language Processingis used to make the conversation sound as human and personal as possible. Moreover, these assistants can have real-time engagement with your customers. Did you know that on amazon.com, soon, customer service could be handled by chatbots?37.__________________Based on research fromMIT, GPS technology can provide users with accurate, timely, and detailed information to improve safety. The technology uses a combination ofConvolutional Neural Networkand Graph Neural Network, which makes lives easier for users by automatically detecting the number of lanes and road types behind obstructions on the roads. AI is heavily used by Uber and many logistics companies to improve operational efficiency, analyze road traffic, and optimize routes.38.__________________Robots powered by AI use real-time updates to sense obstacles in its path and pre-plan its journey instantly.It can be used for -·Carrying goods in hospitals, factories, and warehouses·Cleaning offices and large equipment·Inventory management39.__________________Did you know that companies use intelligent software to ease the hiring process?Artificial Intelligence helps with blind hiring. Using machine learning software, you can examine applications based on specific parameters. AI drive systems can scan job candidates' profiles, and resumes to provide recruiters an understanding of the talent pool they must choose from.40.___________________Artificial Intelligence finds diverse applications inmedical field. AI applications are usedto build sophisticated machines that can detect diseases and identify cancer cells. Artificial Intelligence can help analyze chronic conditions with lab and other medical data to ensure early diagnosis. AI uses the combination of historical data and medical intelligence for the discovery of new drugs.41.____________________Artificial Intelligence is used to identify defects and nutrient deficiencies in the soil. This is done using computer vision, robotics, andmachine learning applications.AI can analyze where weeds are growing. AI bots can help to harvest crops at a higher volume and faster pace than human laborers.42.____________________Another sector where Artificial Intelligence applications have found prominence is theentertainmentsector. AI can be used to create smart, human-like NPCs to interact withgameplayers.It can also be used to predict human behavior using which game design and testing can be improved. The Alien Isolation games released in 2014 uses AI to stalk the player throughout the game. The game uses two Artificial Intelligence systems - ‘Director AI’ that frequently knows your location and the ‘Alien AI,’ driven by sensors and behaviors that continuously hunt the player.43._____________________Artificial Intelligence is used to build self-driving vehicles. AI can be used along with the vehicle’s camera, radar, cloud services, GPS, and control signals to operate the vehicle. AI can improve the in-vehicle experience and provide additional systems like emergency braking, blind-spot monitoring, and driver-assist steering.44._____________________On Instagram, AI considers your likes and the accounts you follow to determine what posts you are shown on your explore tab.Artificial Intelligence is also used along with a tool called DeepText. With this tool, Facebook can understand conversations better. It can be used to translate posts from different languages automatically.AI is used by Twitter for fraud detection, removing propaganda, and hateful content. Twitter also uses AI to recommend tweets that users might enjoy, based on what type of tweets they engage with.45.____________________It has been reported that80 percent of banks recognizethe benefits that AI can provide.The highly evolved technology that is offered through AI can help to significantly improve a wide range ofbankingservices. For example, customers looking for help regarding wealth management solutions can easily get the information they need through SMS text messaging or online chat, all AI-powered. Artificial intelligence can also detect changes in transaction patterns and other potential red flags that can signify fraud, which humans can easily miss, and thus saving businesses and individuals from significanteconomicloss. Aside from fraud detection and task automation, AI can also better predict and assessinvestment andloan risks.Fill in each blank(36-45)with the corresponding subtitle(A-J).
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