Professors in the United States usually expect the students______.

A. to know all the answers
B. never to seek their advice
C. to take the initiative and be independent
D. to work together

Beethoven wrote about 300 (12) of music. He wrote some of his most beautiful pieces after he became deaf. It is hard for anyone to be deaf. But it is even worse for a musician than for (13) else. Think of not being able to hear the music you have written!<br>As a child Beethoven did not have a happy life. His father drank (14) .When the boy was only four，his father decided to make a musician (15) him. Hour after hour he had to practice (16) the violin. He learned so fast that he was able to make a concert tour when he was eleven. When he was seventeen，the great Mozart praised him. After he studied with Haydn. Beethoven was writing a great deal of music (17) .<br>Beethoven had an ugly face and a bad temper. He was often invited (18) the homes of wealthy people. They forgave him when his temper flared up. Illness made him become deaf when he was (19) thirty-one.<br>Beethoven wrote long pieces and short ones，gentle ones and (20) ones.

A. hear
B. listen
C. listen to
D. hear of

Passage One<br>Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.<br>During the early years of this century，wheat was seen as the very lifeblood of Western Canada. When the crops were good，the economy was good；when the crops failed. there was depression. People on city streets watched the yields and the price of wheat with almost as much feeling as if they were growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasingly favorite topic of conversation.<br>War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketing the western crop. For years farmers mistrusted speculative(投机的)grain selling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange. Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn，but farmers could not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often that they sold their wheat soon after harvest when farm debts were coming due，only to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. On various occasions，producer groups asked for firmer controls，but governments had no wish to become involved，at least not until wartime wheat prices threatened to run wild.<br>Anxious to check inflation(通货膨胀)and rising living costs，the federal government appointed a board of grain supervisors(监视员)to handle deliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchange trading was suspended，and farmers sold at prices fixed by the board. To handle the crop of 1919，the government appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board，with full authority to buy，sell. and set prices.<br>The author uses the term “lifeblood” to indicate that wheat was______.

A. difficult to produce in large quantities
B. susceptible to many parasites(寄生虫)
C. essential to the health of the country
D. expensive to gather and transport

Passage One<br>Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.<br>When your parents advise you to “get an education” in order to raise your income，they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society，but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society.<br>Get a high school diploma，at least. Without that，you will be occupationally dead unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison，and you can successfully dropout in grade school.<br>Get a college degree，if possible. With a B. A. ，you are on the launching pad. But now you have to start to put on the brakes. If you go for a master's degree，make sure it is an M. B. A. ，and is famous. Law of diminishing returns begins to take effect.<br>Do you know，for instance，that long-haul truck drivers earn more per year than full professors？ Yes，the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $ 24，000. While the full professors managed to earn just $ 23，030.<br>A Ph. D. is the highest degree you can get. Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes，if you pursue such a degree in any other field，you will face a dim future. There are more Ph. D. s unemployed or underemployed in this country than any other part of the world.<br>If you become a doctor of philosophy in English or history or anthropology or political science or languages or-worst of all-in philosophy. you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs，mind you，but for our demands.<br>Thousands of Ph. D. s are selling shoes，driving cars，waiting on table，and endlessly filling out applications month after month. They may also take a job in some high school or backwater college that pays much less than the janitor earns.<br>You can equate the level of income with the level of education only so far. Far enough，that is，to make you useful to the gross national product. but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.<br>According to the writer，what the society expects of education is to turn out people who______.

A. will not be a disgrace to society
B. will become loyal citizens
C. can take care of themselves
D. can meet the nation's demands as a source of manpower

Moving the pilot aside. the man took (16) and listened carefully to the urgent instructions that were being sent by radio from the airport (17) . The plane was now dangerously close to the ground，but to everyone's relief，it soon began to climb. The man (18) circle the airport several times in order to become familiar with the controls.<br>Following instructions，the man guided plane towards the airfield. It shook (19) as it touched the ground and then moved rapidly across the field，but after a long run it stopped safely. Outside，a crowd of people who (20) anxiously，rushed forward to congratulate the“pilot”on a perfect landing.

A. installed
B. fastened
C. connected
D. held

Then one evening，after he had looked through the straw and emptied the factory worker's pockets (17) usual，he said to him，“Listen，I know that you are smuggling things (18) this frontier. Won't you tell me what it is that you're bringing into the country so successfully？ I'm an old man，and today's my last day on the job. Tomorrow I'm going to (19) . I promise that I shall not tell anyone if you tell me what you've been smuggling. ”The factory worker did not say anything for (20) . Then he smiled，turned to Henry and said quietly：“Bicycles. ”

A. should
B. might
C. would
D. must

Passage One<br>Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.<br>Your passport is your official identification as an American citizen. In America，most people never consider obtaining a passport unless they are planning a trip out of the country. In Europe, where travel from one country to another is much more common，almost everyone carries a passport. A passport is final proof of identity in almost every country in the world.<br>In 1979 almost 15 million Americans held passports. Most of these passports were obtained to travel outside the country because，except for a few Western nations。passports are required to enter every country. And if you travel abroad，you must have a valid passport to reenter the country.<br>When traveling abroad，you will need a passport for identification when exchanging dollars for francs or marks or other foreign currency. You may also need your passport to use a credit card，buy an airplane ticket or check into a hotel. As a passport is an official U. S. document. it is valuable as identification in any emergency cases，such as floods，fires，or war.<br>Don't confuse passports and visas. Whereas a passport is issued by a country to its citizens. a visa is official permission to visit a country granted by the government of that country. For some years，many countries were dropping their visa requirements，but that trend has reversed. Argentina，Brazil，and Venezuela now require visas from U. S. citizens. They may be obtained from the embassy of the country you wish to visit.<br>Passport applications are available at passport agency offices in large cities like Boston，New York，or Chicago. In smaller cities，applications are available at post offices and at federal courts. To get your first passport，you must submit the application in person. along with a birth certificate and two pictures.<br>The main purpose of this passage is to______.

A. discuss traveling in other countries
B. distinguish between passports and visas
C. discuss the financial uses of a passport
D. provide information about passports

Passage One<br>Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.<br>The sea is the common property of all nations. It belongs equally to all. None can appropriate it exclusively to themselves；nor is it “foreign” to any. This was the decision of John Marshall, chief justice of the United States from 1801 to 1835. It was stated as a fundamental rule the sea that no one, and therefore everyone, owns the ocean. This means that outside territorial waters(the waters within three miles of a country's coast), the law is whatever nations agree on in peacetime and whatever the strongest naval powers can enforce in wartime. After the United States purchased Alaska, Americans began to seize Canadians who were hunting seals outside Alaskan territorial waters. The Americans claimed that the seals were American property because they often came in to the Alaskan shores owned by the United States. International arbitrators disagreed with this reasoning. In some cases, however, the special rights of a nation that makes use of an open-sea area are recognized.<br>All of the sea's rules of the road are established by international conferences and treaties.<br>The fundamental rule of the sea means that______.

A. the sea should be equally divided among all the nations in the world
B. any area of the sea belongs to the nation closest to it
C. no nation has any sea rights
D. no nation has exclusive right to the open sea

Passage two<br>Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.<br>There isn't any question about Washington's greatness. If his administration had been a failure, there would have been no United States. He had all the background that caused him to know how to make it work, because he had worked under the Continental Congress. Some presidents have limited their roles to being administrators of the laws without being leaders. But Washington was both a great administrator and a great leader.<br>Basically the author's opinion of Washington is______.

A. praiseful
B. derogatory
C. critical
D. negative

不用说，我们现在已不是生活在传统时期。