题目内容
听力原文：M: Sally, come downstairs, please. Look at this job advertisement.
W: (from a distance) I'm coming. Walt a moment. (nearer) Eric, I'm here. What's the matter？
M: Look, Sally. Here's a job advertisement. "Start a new life with Exco Exports Ltd. as personal assistant to our managing director!" Perhaps it's the job you want.
W: Personal assistant to the managing director？ Yes, it is! Eric, would you like to read it for me？
M: It's my pleasure! Now, listen--"We will give the right person ￡ 3,500 pa for a 45-hour week, free training, the chance to join a pension scheme, 3 weeks' holiday per year and a company car! Canteen facilities are also available."
W: It sounds not so good. Only ￡ 3,500 every year. I think the salary is fairly low. The working hours seem too long, you see, a 45-hour week. Oh, my dear! And the holidays are short too, only 3 weeks.
M: But you're interested in this type of job. Since you have no job now, you can treat it as one of your choices.
W: Hm, you are right. OK, I'll write down the address. Eric, please repeat it to me.
M: "Box 4032, London".
W: Good, the company's in London. I don't want to work out of this city.
M: Look, there is another point maybe you will be attracted by.
W: Yes. Ah, just now, auntie Jenny called me.
M: Really？ What did she say？
W: She told me there's a job opening for a secretarial position in her company. She asked me to apply for it.
M: Sounds good. Would you like to try？
W: I am interested in the work, but you know, her company is in the city of Edinburgh. So I thanked her and wrote down the address only.
M: How kind she is!
W: Yes, she is very kind... Oh, she invited us to her villa to attend her birthday party this Saturday.
M: Sure we are going to attend it. But what present should we take？ How about a bottle of wine, or...
W: Eric! Look, here's another job advertisement.
M: What is it？
W: Listen: "Join one of the world's fastest growing companies: Exco Imports Lid."
M: How about the work？
W: (go on) "We are looking for a personal assistant to help our managing director."
M: Another personal assistant to the managing director.
W: "We can offer: ￡6,500 pa, 6 weeks' holiday, and a 35-hour week! And we have a supersocial club, too! Interested？" Yes! I am interested!
M: Where is the company？
W: "Ring Carrie Jones on 01 734 6387 Now？ It's in London. Oh, Eric, I am so happy. It's the right job I want.
M: It seems everything is wonderful.
W: That's right. I'll call the person now! (dialling sound) Good morning! Is that Ms Carrie Jones？ I am Sally Brown...
What will be thought about mostly when one wants to find a job？
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SECTION 4
Directions: Each question below consists of a word printed in capital letters followed by five lettered words or phrases. Choose the lettered word or phrase that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in capital letters. Since some of the questions require you to distinguish fine shades of meaning, be sure to consider all the choices before deciding which one is best.
DIABOLIC:
It can be inferred from the passage that the Female Aesthetic school of literary criticism
It can be inferred that which of the following situations is likely to be most problematic
Disease is a fluid concept influenced by societal and cultural attitudes that
change diachronically in response to new scientific and medical discoveries.
Historically, doctors defined a disease according to a cluster of symptoms, and
as their clinical descriptions became more sophisticated, they started to classify
(5) diseases into separate groups, so that from this medical taxonomy came new
insights into disease etiology. Before the 20th century, schizophrenia and
syphilitic insanity were treated as the same disease, but by early 1900 it became
evident that psychoses without associated dementia represented a separate
disease for which the term schizophrenia was then coined. The definition of
(10) schizophrenia continues to evolve from the psychiatric disease of the 1960s to an
illness with a suspected genetic etiology, though the existence of such an
etiology remains uncertain. While an optimistic hunt is still on for the genes
involved, we must continue to define schizophrenia in terms of the presence or
absence of "positive" and "negative" symptoms.
(15) Labeling someone as diseased, however, has enormous individual, social,
financial, and physical implications, for irrespective of disease symptoms, the
label itself may lead to significant distress. Individuals with asymptomatic
conditions, including genetic variations, may be perceived by themselves or
others as having a disease. It is not that labeling someone as diseased is always
(20) positive—it does have severe ramifications, affecting decisions to have children
or resulting in unjust treatment by life, medical, and disability insurers--but it
can be beneficial, legitimizing symptoms, clarifying issues of personal
responsibility, and improving accessibility to health care. Nevertheless,
deviations from normal that are not associated with risk should not be
(25) considered synonymous with disease. Two schools—nominalist and essentialist
or reductionist—have debated the clinical criteria used to label a patient as
diseased. Nominalists label symptoms with a disease name, such as
schizophrenia, and do not offer an explanation of the underlying etiology, while
essentialists contend that for every disease there is an underlying pathological
(30) etiology, and now argue that the essential lesion defining the disease state is a
genetic abnormality.
It has been suggested that diseases defined according to the essentialist
tradition may be precisely wrong, whereas those defined in the nominalist
traditional may be roughly accurate. But in labeling a disease state, we must
(35) consider both the phenotype (symptoms) or the genotype (genetic
abnormality), for the former describes a state that places individuals at some
definable risk of adverse consequences, while the latter helps suggest specific
genetic or pharmacologic therapies. Thus, both clinical criteria and genetic
abnormalities should be used to define a disease state, and the choice of a
(40) disease definition will vary according to what one wishes to achieve, the genetic
counseling of family members or the effective treatment of the patient.
The author of the passage is primarily concerned with
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